van Zundert Sofie Km, van Rossem Lenie, Mirzaian Mina, Griffioen Pieter H, Willemsen Sten P, van Schaik Ron Hn, Steegers-Theunissen Régine Pm
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Tryptophan Res. 2024 Jun 12;17:11786469241257816. doi: 10.1177/11786469241257816. eCollection 2024.
The vital role of the maternal tryptophan (TRP) metabolism in maternal health and pregnancy is well established. However, non-medical maternal determinants influencing the TRP metabolism have been poorly investigated. We hypothesise that periconceptional maternal non-medical determinants alter the TRP metabolism, affecting both kynurenine (KP) and serotonin pathway (SP) metabolite concentrations. Therefore, we investigated the influence of non-medical maternal determinants on the TRP metabolism during the periconception period.
About 1916 pregnancies were included from the Rotterdam Periconceptional Cohort between November 2010 and December 2020. Data on periconceptional non-medical maternal determinants were collected through questionnaires. Serum samples were collected at 8.5 (SD = 1.6) weeks of gestation and TRP, kynurenine (KYN), 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine) and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) were determined using validated liquid chromatography (tandem) mass spectrometry. Mixed models were used to determine associations between periconceptional non-medical maternal determinants and these metabolites.
In total 11 periconceptional non-medical maternal determinants were identified. Protein intake was positively associated with TRP ( = .12, 95% CI = 0.07-0.17), while age, energy intake and body mass index (BMI) ( = -.24, 95% CI = -0.37 to -0.10) were negatively associated with TRP. Age, BMI and total homocysteine were associated with higher KYN, whereas non-western geographical origin was associated with lower KYN ( = -.09, 95% CI = -0.16 to -0.03). Protein intake and total homocysteine ( = .07, 95% CI = 0.03-0.11) had a positive association with 5-HTP, while a negative association was found for energy intake. A non-western geographical origin and drug use were associated with higher 5-HT, and BMI with lower 5-HT ( = -6.32, 95% CI = -10.26 to -2.38). Age was positively associated with 5-HIAA ( = .92, 95% CI = 0.29-1.56), and BMI negatively.
Periconceptional non-medical maternal determinants, including age, geographical origin, drug use, energy and protein intake, BMI and total homocysteine, influence KP and SP metabolite concentrations.
母体色氨酸（TRP）代谢在母体健康和妊娠中的重要作用已得到充分证实。然而，影响TRP代谢的非医学母体决定因素却鲜有研究。我们假设受孕前母体的非医学决定因素会改变TRP代谢，影响犬尿氨酸（KP）和血清素途径（SP）代谢物浓度。因此，我们研究了受孕前非医学母体决定因素对TRP代谢的影响。
纳入了2010年11月至2020年12月鹿特丹受孕前队列中的约1916例妊娠。通过问卷调查收集受孕前非医学母体决定因素的数据。在妊娠8.5（标准差=1.6）周时采集血清样本，采用经过验证的液相色谱（串联）质谱法测定TRP、犬尿氨酸（KYN）、5-羟色氨酸（5-HTP）、5-羟色胺（5-HT）和5-羟吲哚乙酸（5-HIAA）。采用混合模型确定受孕前非医学母体决定因素与这些代谢物之间的关联。
共确定了11个受孕前非医学母体决定因素。蛋白质摄入量与TRP呈正相关（=0.12，95%置信区间=0.07-0.17），而年龄、能量摄入量和体重指数（BMI）（=-0.24，95%置信区间=-0.37至-0.10）与TRP呈负相关。年龄、BMI和总同型半胱氨酸与较高的KYN相关，而非西方地理来源与较低的KYN相关（=-0.09，95%置信区间=-0.16至-0.03）。蛋白质摄入量和总同型半胱氨酸（=0.07，95%置信区间=0.03-0.11）与5-HTP呈正相关，而能量摄入量与之呈负相关。非西方地理来源和药物使用与较高的5-HT相关，BMI与较低的5-HT相关（=-6.32，95%置信区间=-10.26至-2.38）。年龄与5-HIAA呈正相关（=0.92，95%置信区间=0.29-1.56），BMI与之呈负相关。
受孕前非医学母体决定因素，包括年龄、地理来源、药物使用、能量和蛋白质摄入量、BMI以及总同型半胱氨酸，会影响KP和SP代谢物浓度。
