Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Beijing 100017, China.
Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Beijing 100017, China.
Exp Gerontol. 2024 Sep;194:112486. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112486. Epub 2024 Jun 20.
This study aims to explore the efficacy of Relaxation Response Meditation Training (RRMT) on elderly individuals with different levels of vividness of visual imagery.
In this randomized controlled, double-blind, multi-center clinical trial, we recruited a total of 136 elderly individuals who were over 60 years with nonorganic sleep disorders to participate in a 4-week RRMT intervention from October 2020 to October 2022. The intervention occurred twice a week, totaling eight times. These individuals were divided into high and low groups based on the vividness of visual imagery, and then randomly assigned to either the control or intervention groups, as follows: low-visualizers intervention group (LI group); low-visualizers control group (LC group); high-visualizers intervention group (HI group); high-visualizers control group (HC group). Their social and psychological parameters were assessed before and after the intervention by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Revised Piper's fatigue scale (RPFS), General well-being scale (GWB), and Satisfaction rating. The alpha waves of patients were also collected through electroencephalogram to assess their level of relaxation.
Compared to the LI group, the HI group had a greater reduction rate in the PSQI score [25.2 % (18.8 % to 31.7 %), P < 0∙001], shorter sleep latency (P = 0.001), lower frequency of sleep medication (P < 0.001), lower PSQI scores (P < 0.001), and higher GWB scores (P < 0.001). There were significant differences in all indicators in the HI group vs. HC group and in the LI group vs. LC group. In the first five relaxation training sessions, there was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of α waves between the LI group and the LC group; however, from the sixth session onward, we observed a statistically significant difference (t = 2.86, P = 0.019)，while The HI group and HC group showing significant differences in the first relaxation training session (t = 4.464, P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in subjective satisfaction between the intervention group and the control group (x = 49.605, P < 0.001).
In this study, we found that most elderly people benefitted from RRMT regardless of their vividness of visual imagery. However, low-visualizers experienced slower and less effective results, so these patients may benefit more from alternative approaches.
本研究旨在探讨放松反应冥想训练（RRMT）对不同视觉表象生动度的老年个体的疗效。
这是一项随机对照、双盲、多中心临床试验，共纳入 136 名年龄在 60 岁以上、有非器质性睡眠障碍的老年人，他们参加了 2020 年 10 月至 2022 年 10 月为期 4 周的 RRMT 干预，每周两次，共 8 次。根据视觉表象的生动度将这些个体分为高、低两组，然后随机分为对照组和干预组，具体分组如下：低视觉者干预组（LI 组）；低视觉者对照组（LC 组）；高视觉者干预组（HI 组）；高视觉者对照组（HC 组）。通过匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、修订版 Piper 疲劳量表（RPFS）、一般幸福感量表（GWB）和满意度评分，在干预前后评估患者的社会心理参数。还通过脑电图收集患者的α波，以评估其放松程度。
与 LI 组相比，HI 组 PSQI 评分降低率更大[25.2%（18.8%~31.7%），P<0.001]，睡眠潜伏期更短（P=0.001），睡眠药物使用频率更低（P<0.001），PSQI 评分更低（P<0.001），GWB 评分更高（P<0.001）。HI 组与 HC 组、LI 组与 LC 组相比，所有指标均有显著差异。在最初的五次放松训练中，LI 组和 LC 组的α波比例没有统计学差异；然而，从第六次训练开始，我们观察到有统计学差异（t=2.86，P=0.019），而 HI 组和 HC 组在第一次放松训练中就有显著差异（t=4.464，P<0.001）。干预组和对照组的主观满意度有统计学差异（x²=49.605，P<0.001）。
在这项研究中，我们发现大多数老年人无论视觉表象生动度如何都从 RRMT 中受益，但低视觉者的效果较慢且不太有效，因此这些患者可能从替代方法中获益更多。
