Williams J G, Strunin L
Anaesthesia. 1985 Mar;40(3):242-5.
A controlled trial was carried out on 120 healthy patients presenting for elective surgery. The patients were divided randomly into three groups, which received respectively, 50 mg ranitidine, 100 mg ranitidine, or 300 mg cimetidine intramuscularly at least 45 minutes before operation. Following induction of anaesthesia, a nasogastric tube was passed, the stomach contents aspirated and analysed for volume and pH. Thirteen per cent of cimetidine-treated patients had a gastric pH of 2.5 or less, compared to 8% of those given ranitidine 50 mg and 3% of those given ranitidine 100 mg; however, these differences were not statistically significant. No side effects attributable to the administration of either drug were observed. It is concluded that intramuscular administration of ranitidine or cimetidine is an effective method of reducing the number of patients at risk of acid aspiration during anaesthesia. However, neither drug eliminates the risk of acid aspiration in all patients, and thus careful anaesthetic technique to protect the airway remains essential.
对120名择期手术的健康患者进行了一项对照试验。患者被随机分为三组，分别在手术前至少45分钟肌肉注射50毫克雷尼替丁、100毫克雷尼替丁或300毫克西咪替丁。麻醉诱导后，插入鼻胃管，抽吸胃内容物并分析其体积和pH值。接受西咪替丁治疗的患者中有13%的胃pH值为2.5或更低，而接受50毫克雷尼替丁治疗的患者中这一比例为8%，接受100毫克雷尼替丁治疗的患者中为3%；然而，这些差异无统计学意义。未观察到因使用任何一种药物而引起的副作用。得出的结论是，肌肉注射雷尼替丁或西咪替丁是减少麻醉期间有酸误吸风险患者数量的有效方法。然而，两种药物都不能消除所有患者的酸误吸风险，因此谨慎的麻醉技术以保护气道仍然至关重要。
