Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Wageningen Economic Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Appetite. 2024 Sep 1;200:107563. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107563. Epub 2024 Jun 14.
In low- and middle-income countries, particularly in urban areas, adolescent diets consist mainly of energy-dense and nutrient-poor foods, putting them at risk of malnutrition and non-communicable diseases (NCD). In Bangladesh, little is known about the diet quality of adolescents, their food choices and the drivers of such choices. This study assessed motivations and ability to consume a healthy diet among adolescent girls and boys from low-income urban families and how these drivers were associated with dietary diversity and diet quality. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 299 adolescents (15-19 years) from low-income households in Dhaka city during September-October 2020. The Diet Quality Questionnaire was used to collect non-quantitative food intake in the previous day or night to calculate diet quality indicators of food group diversity score, % of adolescents achieving minimum dietary diversity, NCD-Protect and NCD-Risk and the Global Dietary Recommendations score. Motivation was measured by 11 food choice motives. Ability was measured by belief in own ability to engage in healthy eating behaviors (self-efficacy). Adolescent diets showed a mean food group diversity of 4.9 out of 10, with 60% of adolescents achieving minimum dietary diversity, but lacked health-promoting foods (average of 2.7 out of 9 food groups) yet included few foods to avoid and limit (1.6 out of 9). Adolescents valued food choice motive 'safety' the most, followed by 'health', 'taste', 'price', 'convenience' and 'local or seasonal'. A higher motivation to consume 'local or seasonal' and a lower motivation driven by 'price', and a higher perceived self-efficacy were associated with better diet quality. Future interventions should address self-efficacy, concerns about food price and increase local and seasonal foods availability in the urban poor food environment of Dhaka to improve overall diet quality.
在中低收入国家，尤其是在城市地区，青少年的饮食主要由高热量、低营养的食物构成，使他们面临营养不良和非传染性疾病（NCD）的风险。在孟加拉国，人们对青少年的饮食质量、他们的食物选择以及这些选择的驱动因素知之甚少。本研究评估了来自低收入城市家庭的青少年女孩和男孩的健康饮食动机和能力，以及这些驱动因素与饮食多样性和饮食质量的关系。2020 年 9 月至 10 月期间，在达卡市的低收入家庭中对 299 名青少年（15-19 岁）进行了横断面调查。采用饮食质量问卷收集前一天或前一夜的非定量食物摄入情况，以计算食物组多样性得分、达到最低饮食多样性的青少年比例、NCD 保护和 NCD 风险以及全球饮食建议得分等饮食质量指标。动机通过 11 种食物选择动机来衡量。能力通过相信自己有能力进行健康的饮食行为（自我效能）来衡量。青少年的饮食显示，平均每种食物组的多样性为 10 分中的 4.9 分，60%的青少年达到了最低饮食多样性，但缺乏促进健康的食物（9 种食物组中的平均分数为 2.7 分），但包括很少需要避免和限制的食物（9 种食物组中的 1.6 分）。青少年最看重食物选择动机“安全”，其次是“健康”、“口味”、“价格”、“方便”和“当地或季节性”。更高的“当地或季节性”消费动机和更低的“价格”驱动动机，以及更高的感知自我效能，与更好的饮食质量相关。未来的干预措施应针对自我效能、对食品价格的担忧，并在达卡城市贫困食品环境中增加当地和季节性食品的供应，以改善整体饮食质量。
