Li Xiaoying, Liu Kathryn, Rideout Steven, Rosso Luciana, Zhang Bo, Welbaum Gregory E
School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Homestead, FL, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Jun 3;15:1344895. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1344895. eCollection 2024.
Edamame ( (L.) Merr.), a specialty soybean prized for its nutritional value and taste, has witnessed a surge in demand within the U.S. However, subpar seedling stands have hindered its production potential, necessitating increased inputs for farmers. This study aims to uncover potential physiological factors contributing to low seedling emergence in edamame. We conducted comprehensive assessments on thirteen prominent edamame genotypes alongside two food-grade and two grain-type soybean genotypes, focusing on germination and emergence speed in both laboratory and field settings. Additionally, we employed single electrical conductivity tests and identified and quantified seed leachate components to distinguish among soybean types. Furthermore, using a LabField™ simulation table, we examined seed emergence across a wide soil temperature range (5°C to 45°C) for edamame and other soybean types. All seeds were produced under the same environmental conditions, harvested in Fall 2020, and stored under uniform conditions to minimize quality variations. Our findings revealed minimal divergence in emergence percentages among the seventeen genotypes, with over 95% germination and emergence in laboratory conditions and over 70% emergence in the field. Nonetheless, edamame genotypes typically exhibited slower germination speeds and higher leachate exudates containing higher soluble sugars and amino acids. Seed size did not significantly impact total emergence but was negatively correlated with germination and emergence speed, although this effect could be mitigated under complex field conditions. Furthermore, this study proposed differences that distinguish edamame from other soybean types regarding ideal and base temperatures, as well as thermal time. The finds offer valuable insights into edamame establishment, potentially paving the way for supporting local edamame production in the U.S.
毛豆（(L.) Merr.）是一种因其营养价值和口感而备受推崇的特色大豆，在美国的需求量激增。然而，幼苗生长不良阻碍了其生产潜力，这使得农民需要增加投入。本研究旨在揭示导致毛豆幼苗出土率低的潜在生理因素。我们对13个主要的毛豆基因型以及2个食品级和2个谷物型大豆基因型进行了全面评估，重点关注实验室和田间环境下的发芽和出土速度。此外，我们进行了单一电导率测试，并识别和量化了种子渗出液成分，以区分不同类型的大豆。此外，我们使用LabField™模拟台，研究了毛豆和其他大豆类型在较宽土壤温度范围（5°C至45°C）下的种子出土情况。所有种子均在相同环境条件下生产，于2020年秋季收获，并在统一条件下储存，以尽量减少质量差异。我们的研究结果显示，这17个基因型的出土率差异极小，在实验室条件下发芽和出土率超过95%，在田间出土率超过70%。尽管如此，毛豆基因型通常发芽速度较慢，渗出液中含有较高的可溶性糖和氨基酸。种子大小对总出土率没有显著影响，但与发芽和出土速度呈负相关，不过在复杂的田间条件下这种影响可能会减轻。此外，本研究提出了毛豆与其他大豆类型在理想温度、基础温度以及热时间方面的差异。这些发现为毛豆的种植提供了有价值的见解，可能为支持美国当地的毛豆生产铺平道路。
