Prognostic relationship between high sensitivity troponin I level, hematoma volume and glasgow coma score in patients diagnosed with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

BACKGROUND

Intracranial hemorrhages is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and there is still no effective biomarker to predict prognosis.

AIM

We aimed to determine the effectiveness of high sensitive troponin I (hs-cTn-I) levels to predict the prognosis of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) by comparing Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) and hematoma volume with hs-cTn-I levels.

METHODS

This study was planned as a retrospective observational study. Patients with available data, over 18 years old and sICH were included in the study. Cerebral computed tomography images were evaluated by a senior radiologist. Hematoma volume was calculated using the ABC/2 formula.

RESULTS

The study comprised 206 individuals in total 78 (37.86%) women and 128 (62.13%) men. Forty-four (21.35%) of patients died. The sensitivity of GCS, hs-cTn-I, and hematoma volume values were 86.36%, 66.67%, and 59.46%, respectively, with corresponding specificities of 78.75%, 93.02%, and 87.58%. Patients with hs-cTn-I values over 26, GCS values of ≤ 9, and hematoma volume values above 44.16 were found to have higher risk of mortality (p = 0.011; p < 0.001; p < 0.001, respectively). The mortality rates were found to be increased 2.586 (IQR: 1.224-5.463) times in patients with hs-cTn-I values above 26, 0.045 times (IQR: 0.018-0.115) in patients with GCS values ≤ 9, and 7.526 times (IQR: 3.518-16.100) in patients with hematoma volume values above 44.16.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that hs-cTn-I values exceeding 26 units may serve as effective biochemical markers for predicting the prognosis of patients with sICH.