School of Podiatric Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, TX, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2024 Nov;22(11):705-721. doi: 10.1038/s41579-024-01058-6. Epub 2024 Jun 18.
The opportunistic pathogen Enterococcus faecium colonizes humans and a wide range of animals, endures numerous stresses, resists antibiotic treatment and stubbornly persists in clinical environments. The widespread application of antibiotics in hospitals and agriculture has contributed to the emergence of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium, which causes many hospital-acquired infections. In this Review, we explore recent discoveries about the evolutionary history, the environmental adaptation and the colonization and dissemination mechanisms of E. faecium and vancomycin-resistant E. faecium. These studies provide critical insights necessary for developing novel preventive and therapeutic approaches against vancomycin-resistant E. faecium and also reveal the intricate interrelationships between the environment, the microorganism and the host, providing knowledge that is broadly relevant to how antibiotic-resistant pathogens emerge and endure.
机会性病原体屎肠球菌定植于人类和广泛的动物群体中，能够耐受多种压力，对抗生素治疗有抵抗力，并在临床环境中顽强存在。医院和农业中抗生素的广泛应用导致了万古霉素耐药屎肠球菌的出现，该菌引起了许多医院获得性感染。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了屎肠球菌和万古霉素耐药屎肠球菌的进化历史、环境适应以及定植和传播机制的最新发现。这些研究为开发针对万古霉素耐药屎肠球菌的新型预防和治疗方法提供了必要的关键见解，同时也揭示了环境、微生物和宿主之间复杂的相互关系，为了解抗生素耐药病原体的出现和持续存在提供了广泛相关的知识。
