Elbagory Mohssen, Shaker Eman M, El-Nahrawy Sahar, Omara Alaa El-Dein, Khalifa Tamer H
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Khalid University, Mohail 61321, Assir, Saudi Arabia.
Soil Improvement and Conservation Research Department, Soils, Water, and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza 12112, Egypt.
Plants (Basel). 2024 May 28;13(11):1492. doi: 10.3390/plants13111492.
Sandy soil covers a significant portion of Egypt's total land area, representing a crucial agricultural resource for future food security and economic growth. This research adopts the hypothesis of maximizing the utilization of secondary products for soil improvement to reduce ecosystem pollution. The study focuses on assessing the impact of combining phosphogypsum and modified biochar as environmentally friendly soil amendments on loamy sand soil quality parameters such as soil organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, nutrient levels, and wheat yield. The treatments were T: the recommended NPK fertilizer (control); T: 2.5 kg phosphogypsum m soil; T: 2.5 kg rice straw biochar m soil; T: 2.5 kg cotton stalk biochar m soil; T: 2.5 kg rice-straw-modified biochar m soil; T: 2.5 kg cotton-stalk-modified biochar m soil; and T to T: mixed phosphogypsum and biochar treatments. The results revealed that the combined use of phosphogypsum and modified cotton stalk biochar (T) significantly enhanced soil organic carbon (SOC) by 73.66% and 99.46% in both seasons, the soil available N both seasons by 130.12 and 161.45%, the available P by 89.49% and 102.02%, and the available K by 39.84 and 70.45% when compared to the control treatment. Additionally, this treatment led to the highest grain yield of wheat (2.72 and 2.92 Mg ha), along with a significant increase in straw yield (52.69% and 59.32%) compared to the control treatment. Overall, the findings suggest that the combined use of phosphogypsum and modified biochar, particularly cotton-stalk biochar, holds promise for improving loamy sand-soil quality and wheat productivity.
砂土覆盖了埃及总土地面积的很大一部分，是未来粮食安全和经济增长的重要农业资源。本研究采用最大化利用副产品改良土壤以减少生态系统污染的假设。该研究重点评估将磷石膏和改性生物炭作为环境友好型土壤改良剂相结合，对砂壤土质量参数（如土壤有机碳、阳离子交换容量、养分水平和小麦产量）的影响。处理方式为：T：推荐的氮磷钾肥料（对照）；T：每平方米土壤施用2.5千克磷石膏；T：每平方米土壤施用2.5千克稻草生物炭；T：每平方米土壤施用2.5千克棉秆生物炭；T：每平方米土壤施用2.5千克稻草改性生物炭；T：每平方米土壤施用2.5千克棉秆改性生物炭；以及T至T：磷石膏和生物炭混合处理。结果表明，与对照处理相比，磷石膏和改性棉秆生物炭联合使用（T）在两个季节均显著提高了土壤有机碳（SOC）含量，增幅分别为73.66%和99.46%，两个季节的土壤有效氮含量分别提高了130.12%和161.45%，有效磷含量提高了89.49%和102.02%，有效钾含量提高了39.84%和70.45%。此外，该处理使小麦的籽粒产量最高（分别为2.72和2.92吨/公顷），与对照处理相比，秸秆产量也显著增加（分别为52.69%和59.32%）。总体而言，研究结果表明，磷石膏和改性生物炭，特别是棉秆生物炭联合使用，有望改善砂壤土质量和小麦生产力。
