Kosarchuk Valerii, Chausov Mykola, Tverdomed Volodymyr, Lopatko Kostyantyn, Lukoševičius Vaidas
Faculty of Infrastructure and Rolling Stock of Railways, State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, Kyrylivska Str. 9, 04071 Kyiv, Ukraine.
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony Str. 15, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine.
Materials (Basel). 2024 May 22;17(11):2499. doi: 10.3390/ma17112499.
An express method for assessing the effectiveness of lubricating compositions with nano-additives of various chemical compositions is proposed, and a joint analysis of experimental data on the changes in the value of wear and the level of damage to the surface layers of metallic friction pairs was performed. The variation in the current relative hardness of the sample's surface, the variation in the current relative material damage level, the current value of wear, and the current level of the coefficient of friction were chosen as the key parameters to conduct a performance assessment. The level of material damage in the contact zone was determined using the parameters of the statistical law of hardness value scattering. Based on an analysis of data in the literature, it was observed that the structural changes occurring in metallic materials during long-term, cyclic, static, and frictional loading are correlated with changes in the statistical characteristics of the hardness scattering results. An experimental substantiation of the proposed method was carried out for steel-sliding friction pairs using lubricating compositions based on Greaseline Lithium BIO Rail 000 oil manufactured by AIMOL with nano-additives of copper, magnesium and aluminum alloys, graphite, and two grades of medium-carbon steel. According to the system of indicators presented in this research, the greatest efficiency (in terms of increasing the wear resistance of friction steel pairs) was achieved with lubricating compositions including nano-powder additives made of steel, which have lower hardness. For the friction experiments, where the determining factor was abrasive wear, such lubricants ensured minimal damage and wear to the friction surface, while the value of the friction coefficient was maintained at a level that is optimal for wheel-rail friction pairs.
提出了一种评估含各种化学成分纳米添加剂的润滑组合物有效性的快速方法，并对金属摩擦副表面层磨损值变化和损伤程度的实验数据进行了联合分析。选择样品表面当前相对硬度的变化、当前相对材料损伤程度的变化、当前磨损值和当前摩擦系数水平作为进行性能评估的关键参数。利用硬度值散射统计规律的参数确定接触区的材料损伤程度。基于对文献数据的分析，观察到金属材料在长期、循环、静态和摩擦加载过程中发生的结构变化与硬度散射结果统计特征的变化相关。使用由AIMOL生产的基于Greaseline Lithium BIO Rail 000油并添加铜、镁铝合金、石墨纳米添加剂的润滑组合物以及两种中碳钢，对钢 - 滑动摩擦副进行了所提方法的实验验证。根据本研究提出的指标体系，对于含硬度较低的钢制成的纳米粉末添加剂的润滑组合物，（在提高摩擦钢副耐磨性方面）实现了最高效率。对于以磨料磨损为决定性因素的摩擦实验，此类润滑剂确保了摩擦表面的最小损伤和磨损，同时摩擦系数值保持在轮轨摩擦副的最佳水平。
