Lu Dang, Wei Wei, Wang Ji-Ping, Yan Peng, Liu Ting, Zhou Jun-Ju, Xie Bin-Bin
College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
School of Urban Management, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2024 Jun 8;45(6):3352-3362. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202306195.
This study explored the characteristics of spatial and temporal changes in drought in the Yellow River Basin from 2001 to 2020 based on TVPDI, surface runoff, vegetation net primary productivity, and grain yield data. Further, the effects of drought on water resources, grain resources, and vegetation resources were also analyzed using data spatialization methods, slope trend analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis. The results showed that:① The spatial distribution of drought in the Yellow River basin was stepped from southeast to northwest, and 60.6 % of the basin was in drought. The overall trend of drought in the basin was decreasing annually, and 94 % of the basin was gradually changing from drought to wet conditions, and the trend of drought from spring to winter decreased first and then increased. ② From the spatial and temporal changes in important resources in the basin, 53 % of the key surface runoff areas showed an increasing trend and were mainly located in the southwest of the basin; the net primary productivity (NPP) of vegetation and grain yield of food resources also showed an increasing trend. ③ Drought and the three types of resources showed significant spatial correlations, and the higher the degree of drought, the more significant the effects on surface runoff, vegetation productivity, and grain yield. However, the important resources in areas that had become wetter in recent years had not increased significantly, which indicated that the effects of drought on the three types of important resources had a time lag, and their lags had significant differences in spatial distribution and geographical differentiation patterns. This study has important theoretical implications for agricultural production, drought mitigation, and ecological conservation in the Yellow River Basin.
本研究基于电视植被干旱指数（TVPDI）、地表径流、植被净初级生产力和粮食产量数据，探讨了2001—2020年黄河流域干旱的时空变化特征。此外，还运用数据空间化方法、斜率趋势分析和Pearson相关分析，分析了干旱对水资源、粮食资源和植被资源的影响。结果表明：①黄河流域干旱的空间分布呈自东南向西北阶梯状，流域内60.6%的区域处于干旱状态。流域干旱总体呈逐年下降趋势，94%的区域正逐渐由干旱向湿润状态转变，且干旱程度从春季到冬季呈先下降后上升的趋势。②从流域重要资源的时空变化来看，53%的关键地表径流区域呈增加趋势，主要位于流域西南部；植被净初级生产力（NPP）和粮食资源的粮食产量也呈增加趋势。③干旱与这三类资源存在显著的空间相关性，干旱程度越高，对地表径流、植被生产力和粮食产量的影响越显著。然而，近年来变湿润区域的重要资源并未显著增加，这表明干旱对这三类重要资源的影响具有时间滞后性，且其滞后性在空间分布和地理分异格局上存在显著差异。本研究对黄河流域的农业生产、抗旱减灾和生态保护具有重要的理论意义。
