Gaikwad Rahul, Almutairi Mishal, Al-Moshiqah Anas, Almutairi Fida, Alharbi Abdullah, Alhudaithi Abdullah, Alayouni Abdullah A, Alharbi Abdulrahman M, Algefari Sultan
Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, SAU.
College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 May 21;16(5):e60765. doi: 10.7759/cureus.60765. eCollection 2024 May.
Facial injuries, including maxillofacial trauma (MFT), are common in children and adolescents due to their age and bone maturation stage. Children's injuries are less common than adults' due to parental supervision and the flexibility of the facial bone. Causes of maxillofacial bone fractures (MFBF) vary based on socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental factors. Management of MFBF in children and adolescents should consider their growth and development stage. A systematic review is needed to understand the prevalence, pattern, and distribution of MFBF in Saudi Arabia. This systematic review aimed to identify papers on MFBF in children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The search strategy involved searching electronic databases like PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Ebsco. The review included full-text original research papers, with inclusion criteria including English publications, human studies, and no restrictions on sample size, gender, date, or language. The selection process involved screening titles and abstracts, evaluating full texts, and identifying relevant studies. Data extraction involved two authors individually assessing selected studies. The PRISMA flow diagram of the literature search revealed that 26 papers were identified, of which 15 remained after excluding duplicates. After screening titles and abstracts, 10 articles were removed, and five papers were assessed for eligibility. Four papers met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. The studies examined 1447 patients for the presence of MFBF in different regions. The majority of MFBF were caused by falls and road traffic accidents (RTAs) in children and adolescents. Mandibular fractures were the most common, followed by maxillary fractures. The majority of patients had tooth/teeth avulsions, followed by tooth luxation and crown fractures. Only one study described investigation methods for MFBF diagnosis. The systematic review reveals a high prevalence of MFBF among children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia, primarily due to falls and RTAs. The mandible is the most frequently fractured bone, and many children have concomitant teeth involvement. To reduce MFBF, effective initiatives and parental awareness strategies are recommended.
面部损伤，包括颌面创伤（MFT），在儿童和青少年中很常见，这与他们的年龄和骨骼成熟阶段有关。由于父母的监管以及面部骨骼的柔韧性，儿童受伤的情况比成人少见。颌面骨骨折（MFBF）的原因因社会经济、文化和环境因素而异。儿童和青少年MFBF的治疗应考虑他们的生长发育阶段。需要进行系统综述以了解沙特阿拉伯MFBF的患病率、模式和分布情况。本系统综述旨在使用系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）声明，识别沙特阿拉伯儿童和青少年MFBF的相关论文。检索策略包括搜索电子数据库，如PubMed/Medline、科学网和Ebsco。该综述纳入全文原始研究论文，纳入标准包括英文出版物、人体研究，对样本量、性别、日期或语言无限制。选择过程包括筛选标题和摘要、评估全文以及识别相关研究。数据提取由两位作者分别评估所选研究。文献检索的PRISMA流程图显示，共识别出26篇论文，排除重复项后剩下15篇。筛选标题和摘要后，剔除了10篇文章，对5篇论文进行了资格评估。4篇论文符合系统综述的纳入标准。这些研究检查了1447名患者不同部位的MFBF情况。儿童和青少年中，大多数MFBF是由跌倒和道路交通事故（RTA）引起的。下颌骨骨折最为常见，其次是上颌骨骨折。大多数患者发生了牙齿脱臼，其次是牙齿松动和冠折。只有一项研究描述了MFBF诊断的调查方法。系统综述显示，沙特阿拉伯儿童和青少年中MFBF的患病率很高，主要原因是跌倒和RTA。下颌骨是最常发生骨折的骨骼，许多儿童伴有牙齿损伤。为减少MFBF，建议采取有效的举措和提高家长意识的策略。
