Liu Wenyao, Meng Qingfeng, Li Zhen, Ai Xijie, Chong Heap-Yih
School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
School of Engineering Audit, Nanjing Audit University, Nanjing, China.
Work. 2024;79(4):2003-2021. doi: 10.3233/WOR-240048.
Frontline supervisors have the most frequent interactions with workers on construction projects. Although Supervisors' Safety Leadership (SSL) is commonly practiced, its specific inter-relationship with workers' safety violations remains unclear, especially when it comes to detailed interactions between supervisors and workers, such as supervisors' safety coaching/safety controlling/safety caring against workers' situational/routine safety violations.
This study aims to uncover the intrinsic relationship between SSL and safety violations from the perspective of construction workers with the help of mediating variables at both organizational and individual levels.
A questionnaire survey was conducted to test all hypotheses based on empirical data from 346 construction workers. The path coefficient of the fitted model was then analyzed, including associated mediating effects.
Situational safety violations are directly affected only by safety caring (β= -0.161, p < 0.05), while routine safety violations are impacted only by safety coaching (β= -0.159, p < 0.05). SSL can influence different types of safety violations through differing mediators. In particular, safety coaching acts on individuals' routine safety violations mainly through self-efficacy (β= 0.199, p < 0.01; standardized indirect effect = -0.121, 95% CI[-0.226, -0.024]); safety controlling is more oriented to influence individuals' situational safety violations through group safety norm (β= 0.383, p < 0.001; standardized indirect effect = -0.091, 95% CI[-0.177, -0.036]); and safety caring further influences individuals' situational safety violations mainly through safety motivation (β= 0.581, p < 0.001; standardized indirect effect = -0.263, 95% CI[-0.418, -0.146]).
The research enhances existing knowledge by clarifying the complex relationships between supervisor behavior and safety outcomes, particularly from the perceptions of construction workers towards supervisors' actions and leadership.
一线主管与建筑项目中的工人互动最为频繁。尽管主管安全领导力（SSL）已普遍实施，但其与工人安全违规行为之间的具体相互关系仍不明确，尤其是在主管与工人的详细互动方面，例如主管针对工人的情境性/日常安全违规行为进行安全指导/安全控制/安全关怀。
本研究旨在借助组织和个体层面的中介变量，从建筑工人的角度揭示SSL与安全违规行为之间的内在关系。
基于对346名建筑工人的实证数据进行问卷调查，以检验所有假设。然后分析拟合模型的路径系数，包括相关的中介效应。
情境性安全违规行为仅直接受安全关怀的影响（β = -0.161，p < 0.05），而日常安全违规行为仅受安全指导的影响（β = -0.159，p < 0.05）。SSL可通过不同的中介变量影响不同类型的安全违规行为。具体而言，安全指导主要通过自我效能感影响个体的日常安全违规行为（β = 0.199，p < 0.01；标准化间接效应 = -0.121，95%CI[-0.226, -0.024]）；安全控制更倾向于通过群体安全规范影响个体的情境性安全违规行为（β = 0.383，p < 0.001；标准化间接效应 = -0.091，95%CI[-0.177, -0.036]）；安全关怀则主要通过安全动机进一步影响个体的情境性安全违规行为（β = 0.581，p < 0.001；标准化间接效应 = -0.263，95%CI[-0.418, -0.146]）。
本研究通过阐明主管行为与安全结果之间的复杂关系，特别是从建筑工人对主管行为和领导力的认知角度，丰富了现有知识。
