School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China.
School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
Environ Pollut. 2024 Sep 15;357:124405. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124405. Epub 2024 Jun 19.
Offshore aquaculture's explosive growth improves the public food chain while also unavoidably adding new pollutants to the environment. Consequently, the protection of coastal marine eco-systems depends on the efficient treatment of wastewater from marine aquaculture. For the sulfamethazine (SMZ) of representative sulfonamides and total organic pollutants removal utilizing in-situ high salinity, this work has established an inventive and systematic treatment process coupled with iron-electrode electrochemical and ultrafiltration. Additionally, the activated dithionite (DTN) was being used in the electrochemical and ultrafiltration processes with electricity/varivalent iron (Fe/Fe) and ceramic membrane (CM), respectively, indicated by the notations DTN@iron-electrode/EO-CM. Quenching experiments and ESR detection have identified plenty of reactive species including SO, ·OH, O, and O, for the advanced treatment. In addition, the mass spectrometry (MS) and the Gaussian simulation calculation for these primary reaction sites revealed the dominate SMZ degradation mechanisms, including cleavage of S-N bond, hydroxylation, and Smile-type rearrangement in DTN@iron-electrode/EO process. The DTN@iron-electrode/EO effluent also demonstrated superior membrane fouling mitigation in terms of the CM process, owing to its higher specific flux. XPS and SEM confirmed the reducing membrane fouling, which showed the formation of a loose and porous cake layer. This work clarified diverse reactive species formation and detoxification with DTN@iron-electrode/EO system and offers a sustainable and efficient process for treating tailwater from coastal aquaculture.
海水养殖的迅猛发展改善了公众的食物链，但也不可避免地给环境增加了新的污染物。因此，保护沿海海洋生态系统取决于对海水养殖废水的有效处理。本文针对典型磺胺类药物和总有机污染物的去除，利用原位高盐度，建立了一种创新而系统的处理工艺，结合铁电极电化学和超滤。此外，在电化学和超滤过程中，分别使用了活化连二亚硫酸钠（DTN），并以电/价铁（Fe/Fe）和陶瓷膜（CM）为标记，分别表示为 DTN@iron-electrode/EO-CM。通过猝灭实验和 ESR 检测，鉴定了大量的活性物质，包括 SO 、·OH、O 和 O ，用于高级处理。此外，通过质谱（MS）和高斯模拟计算这些主要反应位点，揭示了 DTN@iron-electrode/EO 工艺中 SMZ 的主要降解机制，包括 S-N 键的断裂、羟化和 DTN 中的 Smile 型重排。与 CM 工艺相比，DTN@iron-electrode/EO 工艺的 DTN@iron-electrode/EO 流出物也表现出了优异的膜污染缓解能力，因为它具有更高的比通量。XPS 和 SEM 证实了还原膜污染的减轻，形成了疏松多孔的滤饼层。本工作阐明了 DTN@iron-electrode/EO 体系中多种活性物质的形成和解毒机制，并为沿海养殖尾水的处理提供了一种可持续、高效的工艺。
