Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.
Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China.
Genes (Basel). 2024 May 31;15(6):716. doi: 10.3390/genes15060716.
With more than 200 species of native , China is considered a center of diversity for this genus. Due to a paucity of molecular markers, the phylogenetic relationships for this genus are poorly understood. In this study, we sequenced and assembled the plastomes of 22 out of 204 Chinese species (including varieties) from three of the eight sections reported in China, i.e., the sections , , and . Plastomes were annotated and comparatively analyzed with the inclusion of two published plastomes. The plastomes of all 24 species were composed of a large single-copy region (LSC), a small single-copy region (SSC), and a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs), and ranged in length from 155,464 to 156,506 bp. We identified 112 unique genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 29 transfer RNAs, and four ribosomal RNAs. With highly consistent gene order, these plastomes showed strong collinearity, and no significant changes in IR boundaries were noted. Nine divergent hotspots were identified based on nucleotide polymorphism analysis: , , , , , , intron, , and . Based on whole plastome sequences, we obtained a clearer phylogenetic understanding of these species. All sampled species formed a monophyletic group; however, sections and were polyphyletic. These data and analyses demonstrate the phylogenetic utility of plastomes for systematic research within .
中国拥有超过 200 种的本地植物，被认为是该属的多样性中心。由于缺乏分子标记，该属的系统发育关系尚未得到充分了解。在这项研究中，我们对来自中国报道的八个节中的三个节（、和）的 204 种中国 植物（包括变种）中的 22 种进行了质体测序和组装，包括两个已发表的质体。质体被注释，并与包含的两个已发表的质体进行了比较分析。所有 24 种 植物的质体都由一个大的单一拷贝区（LSC）、一个小的单一拷贝区（SSC）和一对反向重复区（IR）组成，长度从 155464 到 156506bp。我们鉴定出 112 个独特的基因，包括 79 个蛋白质编码基因、29 个转移 RNA 和 4 个核糖体 RNA。这些 质体具有高度一致的基因顺序，表现出强烈的共线性，并且没有观察到 IR 边界的显著变化。根据核苷酸多态性分析，确定了 9 个分歧热点：、、、、、、、内含子和。基于完整的质体序列，我们对这些 植物有了更清晰的系统发育理解。所有采样的 植物形成了一个单系群；然而，和节是多系的。这些数据和分析表明，质体在 属的系统研究中具有系统发育的用途。
