Wolska Małgorzata, Kabsch-Korbutowicz Małgorzata, Rosińska Agata, Solipiwko-Pieścik Anna, Urbańska-Kozłowska Halina
Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego st., 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, 60a Brzeźnicka st., 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Jun 10;17(12):2819. doi: 10.3390/ma17122819.
Tests of microfiltration efficiency used for the pretreatment of backwash water from sand filters were conducted at two water treatment plants treating surface water and infiltration water. Microfiltration efficiency was evaluated for three membrane modules: two with polymeric membranes and one with a ceramic membrane. This study showed that the contaminants that limit the reuse of backwash water from both plants by returning them to the water treatment line are mostly microorganisms, including pathogenic species (). Additionally, in the case of backwash water from infiltration water treatment, iron and manganese compounds also had to be removed before its recirculation to the water treatment system. Unexpectedly, organic carbon concentrations in both types of backwash water were similar to those present in intake waters. Microfiltration provided for the removal of organic matter, ranging from 19.9% to 44.5% and from 7.2% to 53.9% for backwash water from the treatments of surface water and infiltration water, respectively. Furthermore, the efficiency of the iron removal from backwash water from infiltration water treatment was sufficient to ensure good intake water quality. On the other hand, manganese concentrations in the backwash water, from infiltration water treatment, pretreated using the microfiltration process exceeded the levels found in the intake water and were, therefore, an additional limiting factor for the reuse of the backwash water. In both types of backwash water, the number of microorganisms, including (a pathogenic one), was a limiting parameter for backwash water reuse without pretreatment. The results of the present study showed the possibility for using microfiltration for the pretreatment of backwash water, regardless of its origin but not as the sole process. More complex technological systems are needed before recirculating backwash water into the water treatment system. The polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane proved to be the most effective for DOC and microorganism removal from backwash water.
在两家处理地表水和渗透水的水处理厂，对用于砂滤反冲洗水预处理的微滤效率进行了测试。对三种膜组件的微滤效率进行了评估：两种为聚合物膜，一种为陶瓷膜。本研究表明，限制两家工厂将反冲洗水返回水处理生产线进行回用的污染物主要是微生物，包括致病菌种（）。此外，对于渗透水处理产生的反冲洗水，在其再循环至水处理系统之前，还必须去除铁和锰化合物。出乎意料的是，两种反冲洗水中的有机碳浓度与进水相似。微滤对有机物的去除率分别为：地表水和渗透水处理产生的反冲洗水，去除率分别为19.9%至44.5%和7.2%至53.9%。此外，渗透水处理产生的反冲洗水的铁去除效率足以确保良好的进水水质。另一方面，经微滤处理的渗透水处理产生的反冲洗水中的锰浓度超过了进水中的浓度，因此是反冲洗水回用的另一个限制因素。在两种反冲洗水中，包括（一种致病菌种）在内的微生物数量是未经预处理的反冲洗水回用的限制参数。本研究结果表明，无论反冲洗水的来源如何，都有可能使用微滤对其进行预处理，但不能作为唯一的工艺。在将反冲洗水再循环至水处理系统之前，需要更复杂的技术系统。聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）膜被证明对从反冲洗水中去除溶解性有机碳（DOC）和微生物最为有效。
