[Experimental models of 2-stage carcinogenesis].

The regularities observed in the experiments carried out by the two-stage scheme (initiation-promotion) are considered. Apart from the mouse skin in which these regularities are established, the phenomenon of initiation-promotion is reproduced on the epithelial tumours of the liver, bladder, colon, thyroid, mammary gland, epithelial and mesenchymal tumours of the uterus. The following properties of the promoters are listed: lack of mutagenicity; weak carcinogenicity towards the target organ; threshold of the promoting effect; cessation of carcinogenesis after the promoting treatment has been stopped; organotropism. Approaches and principles of chemical compound testing for cocarcinogenic and promoting activity are considered.