Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of aurones as potential neuroprotective agents.

To synthesize aurone (Ar) derivatives and to demonstrate their effects against diabetes mellitus (DM) and neurodegeneration. Five Ar () derivatives were synthesized, characterized by proton NMR and screened for antioxidant, anti-diabetic and anti-cholinesterase activities. They were further evaluated for neuroprotective effects in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced neurodegenerative model. Among the aurone derivatives ArE demonstrated significant reversal of cognitive impairment, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Biochemical analysis revealed anti-diabetic and neuroprotective effects, possibly through downregulation of inflammatory markers and upregulation of antioxidant enzymes. Synthesized Ar () exhibits promising therapeutic potential against STZ-induced neurodegeneration and DM by modulating inflammatory and oxidative pathways, suggesting a novel avenue for disease management.