使用壳聚糖生物墨水的基于 FRESH 的复杂生物几何形状的 3D 生物打印。

FRESH-based 3D bioprinting of complex biological geometries using chitosan bioink.

机构信息

Tissue Engineering and Biomicrofluidics Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India.

出版信息

Biofabrication. 2024 Jul 16;16(4). doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad5d18.

Abstract

Traditional three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has always been associated with the challenge of print fidelity of complex geometries due to the gel-like nature of the bioinks. Embedded 3D bioprinting has emerged as a potential solution to print complex geometries using proteins and polysaccharides-based bioinks. This study demonstrated the Freeform Reversible Embedding of Suspended Hydrogels (FRESH) 3D bioprinting method of chitosan bioink to 3D bioprint complex geometries. 4.5% chitosan was dissolved in an alkali solvent to prepare the bioink. Rheological evaluation of the bioink described its shear-thinning nature. The power law equation was fitted to the shear rate-viscosity plot. The flow index value was found to be less than 1, categorizing the material as pseudo-plastic. The chitosan bioink was extruded into another medium, a thermo-responsive 4.5% gelatin hydrogel. This hydrogel supports the growing print structures while printing. After this, the 3D bioprinted structure was crosslinked with hot water to stabilize the structure. Using this method, we have 3D bioprinted complex biological structures like the human tri-leaflet heart valve, a section of a human right coronary arterial tree, a scale-down outer structure of the human kidney, and a human ear. Additionally, we have shown the mechanical tunability and suturability of the 3D bioprinted structures. This study demonstrates the capability of the chitosan bioink and FRESH method for 3D bioprinting of complex biological models for biomedical applications.

摘要

传统的三维(3D)生物打印一直存在因生物墨水的凝胶性质而导致复杂几何形状打印保真度挑战的问题。嵌入式 3D 生物打印已成为使用基于蛋白质和多糖的生物墨水打印复杂几何形状的潜在解决方案。本研究展示了壳聚糖生物墨水的自由可逆嵌入悬浮水凝胶(FRESH)3D 生物打印方法用于 3D 生物打印复杂几何形状。4.5%的壳聚糖溶解在碱性溶剂中制备生物墨水。对生物墨水的流变学评估描述了其剪切稀化性质。通过拟合幂律方程得到剪切速率-粘度图。发现流动指数值小于 1,将该材料归类为假塑性。壳聚糖生物墨水被挤出到另一种介质,即热敏 4.5%明胶水凝胶中。这种水凝胶在打印过程中支撑着正在生长的打印结构。之后,用热水对 3D 生物打印结构进行交联以稳定结构。使用这种方法,我们已经 3D 生物打印了复杂的生物结构,如人类三叶瓣心脏瓣膜、人类右冠状动脉树的一部分、人类肾脏的缩小外结构和人类耳朵。此外,我们还展示了 3D 生物打印结构的机械可调节性和可缝合性。本研究展示了壳聚糖生物墨水和 FRESH 方法在生物医学应用中 3D 生物打印复杂生物模型的能力。

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