Vlachadis Nikolaos, Loukas Nikolaos, Antonakopoulos Nikolaos, Vrachnis Dionysios, Zikopoulos Athanasios, Stavros Sofoklis, Machairiotis Nikolaos, Siori Maria, Drakakis Petros, Vrachnis Nikolaos
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Messinia, Kalamata, GRC.
Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Attiko Hospital, Athens, GRC.
Cureus. 2024 May 31;16(5):e61418. doi: 10.7759/cureus.61418. eCollection 2024 May.
Infant mortality is a crucial perinatal measure and is also regarded as an important public health indicator. This study aimed to comprehensively present time trends in infant, neonatal, and post-neonatal mortality in Greece.
The annual infant mortality rate (IMR), the neonatal mortality rate (NMR), and the post-neonatal mortality rate (PNMR) were calculated based on official national data obtained from the Hellenic Statistical Authority, spanning 67 years from 1956 to 2022. The time trends of the mortality rates were evaluated using joinpoint regression analysis, and the annual percent changes (APC) and the overall average annual percent change (AAPC) were calculated with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
The IMR exhibited accelerating declines over more than 50 years, with an APC of -1.9 (-2.8 to -1.0) from 1956 to 1968, -5.4 (-5.6 to -5.2) from 1968 to 1999, and -7.3 (-8.9 to -5.7) between 1999 and 2008. In 2008, IMR reached its all-time low of 2.7 per 1,000 live births, down 16.6-fold from its peak at 44.1 per 1,000 live births in 1957. This improving trend was reversed following the onset of the economic crisis in the country, leading to a 57% increase in IMR from 2008 to 2016, with an upward trend APC of 3.4 (1.2 to 5.5). In the recent period 2016-2022, there was an improvement with an APC of -3.7 (-6.2 to -1.1), resulting in an IMR of 3.1 per 1,000 live births in 2022. The decrease in IMR was estimated to have prevented 209,109 infant deaths in the country from 1958 to 2022. From 1956 to 2022, the IMR decreased with an AAPC of -3.9 (-4.3 to -3.4), while the PNMR saw a decline with an AAPC of -4.5 (-5.1 to -3.9) and the NMR with an AAPC of -3.2 (-3.7 to -2.6).
Greece achieved an impressive decrease in infant mortality rates, but this progress was halted and completely reversed during the economic crisis. Although there have been some recent improvements after the country's economic recovery, the rates have yet to reach pre-crisis levels.
婴儿死亡率是一项关键的围产期指标，也被视为一项重要的公共卫生指标。本研究旨在全面呈现希腊婴儿、新生儿和新生儿后期死亡率的时间趋势。
基于从希腊统计局获取的官方国家数据，计算了1956年至2022年67年间的年度婴儿死亡率（IMR）、新生儿死亡率（NMR）和新生儿后期死亡率（PNMR）。使用连接点回归分析评估死亡率的时间趋势，并计算年度百分比变化（APC）和总体平均年度百分比变化（AAPC）及其95%置信区间（95%CI）。
IMR在50多年间呈现加速下降趋势，1956年至1968年的APC为-1.9（-2.8至-1.0），1968年至1999年为-5.4（-5.6至-5.2），1999年至2008年为-7.3（-8.9至-5.7）。2008年，IMR降至历史最低点，为每1000例活产2.7例，比1957年每1000例活产44.1例的峰值下降了16.6倍。该国经济危机爆发后，这一改善趋势逆转，导致IMR从2008年到2016年上升了57%，上升趋势的APC为3.4（1.2至5.5）。在2016 - 2022年最近期间，出现了改善，APC为-3.7（-6.2至-1.1），2022年IMR为每1000例活产3.1例。据估计，1958年至2022年期间，IMR的下降避免了该国209,109例婴儿死亡。1956年至2022年期间，IMR以AAPC为-3.9（-4.3至-3.4）的速度下降，而PNMR以AAPC为-4.5（-5.1至-3.9）的速度下降，NMR以AAPC为-3.2（-3.7至-2.6）的速度下降。
希腊在婴儿死亡率方面取得了显著下降，但这一进展在经济危机期间停滞并完全逆转。尽管该国经济复苏后最近有一些改善，但这些比率尚未达到危机前的水平。
