逆境暴露及其对晚年认知、心理和身体健康的影响。
Exposure to Adversity and its Impact on Later Life Cognitive, Mental, and Physical Health.
机构信息
Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
出版信息
Int J Public Health. 2024 Jun 19;69:1606499. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606499. eCollection 2024.
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to assess later-life health responses to childhood and lifetime adversity in a cohort of rural, Black South African adults.
METHODS
We performed ordinary least squares regression using two waves of data from Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI) to estimate a decline in cognitive, mental, and physical health over approximately 3 years. Our analytic sample consisted of 1,993 women and 1,496 men.
RESULTS
Associations between several types of adversity and health outcomes point to declines in health. At the same time, many adverse experiences are associated with improvements in cognitive, mental, and physical health in later life. The direction of the association varied by type of exposure, health outcome, and gender.
CONCLUSION
In populations exposed to many adversities during life, specific adverse experiences may sometimes be associated with greater improvements (and not just greater decline) in health in later life. Further research is needed to unpack the mechanisms at play in these populations.
目的
我们旨在评估南非农村黑人成年人队列中童年和终生逆境对晚年健康的反应。
方法
我们使用来自非洲健康与老龄化：南非一个深入社区的纵向研究（HAALSI）的两波数据，使用普通最小二乘法回归来估计大约 3 年内认知、心理和身体健康的下降。我们的分析样本包括 1993 名女性和 1496 名男性。
结果
多种逆境类型与健康结果之间的关联表明健康状况下降。与此同时，许多不良经历与晚年认知、心理和身体健康的改善有关。关联的方向因暴露类型、健康结果和性别而异。
结论
在一生中经历过许多逆境的人群中，特定的逆境经历有时可能与晚年健康的更大改善（而不仅仅是更大的下降）有关。需要进一步研究来阐明这些人群中发挥作用的机制。
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