The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Department of Radiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Brain Res. 2024 Oct 1;1840:149110. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149110. Epub 2024 Jul 2.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain abnormalities have been reported in the corpus callosum (CC) of patients with adult-onset hypothyroidism. However, no study has directly compared CC-specific morphological or functional alterations among subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), overt hypothyroidism (OH), and healthy controls (HC). Moreover, the association of CC alterations with cognition and emotion is not well understood.
Demographic data, clinical variables, neuropsychological scores, and MRI data of 152 participants (60 SCH, 37 OH, and 55 HC) were collected. This study investigated the clinical performance, morphological and functional changes of CC subregions across three groups. Moreover, a correlation analysis was performed to explore potential relationships between these factors.
Compared to HC, SCH and OH groups exhibited lower cognitive scores and higher depressive/anxious scores. Notably, rostrum and rostral body volume of CC was larger in the SCH group. Functional connectivity between rostral body, anterior midbody and the right precentral and dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus were increased in the SCH group. In contrast, the SCH and OH groups exhibited a decline in functional connectivity between splenium and the right angular gyrus. Within the SCH group, rostrum volume demonstrated a negative correlation with Montreal Cognitive Assessment and visuospatial/executive scores, while displaying a positive correlation with 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores. In the OH group, rostral body volume exhibited a negative correlation with serum thyroid stimulating hormone levels, while a positive correlation with serum total thyroxine and free thyroxine levels.
This study suggests that patients with different stages of adult-onset hypothyroidism may exhibit different patterns of CC abnormalities. These findings offer new insights into the neuropathophysiological mechanisms in hypothyroidism.
磁共振成像（MRI）显示，成人发病的甲状腺功能减退症患者的胼胝体（CC）存在异常。然而，尚无研究直接比较亚临床甲状腺功能减退症（SCH）、显性甲状腺功能减退症（OH）和健康对照组（HC）之间的 CC 形态或功能改变。此外，CC 改变与认知和情绪的相关性尚不清楚。
收集了 152 名参与者（60 名 SCH、37 名 OH 和 55 名 HC）的人口统计学数据、临床变量、神经心理学评分和 MRI 数据。本研究调查了三组 CC 亚区的临床表现、形态和功能变化。此外，还进行了相关性分析，以探讨这些因素之间的潜在关系。
与 HC 组相比，SCH 和 OH 组的认知评分较低，抑郁/焦虑评分较高。值得注意的是，SCH 组 CC 的喙部和喙体体积较大。SCH 组的 CC 喙体、前体中部与右侧中央前回和背外侧额上回之间的功能连接增加。相比之下，SCH 和 OH 组的胼胝体与右侧角回之间的功能连接下降。在 SCH 组中，喙部体积与蒙特利尔认知评估和视空间/执行评分呈负相关，与 24 项汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分呈正相关。在 OH 组中，喙体体积与血清促甲状腺激素水平呈负相关，与血清总甲状腺素和游离甲状腺素水平呈正相关。
本研究表明，不同阶段的成人发病的甲状腺功能减退症患者可能表现出不同的 CC 异常模式。这些发现为甲状腺功能减退症的神经病理生理机制提供了新的见解。
