Habib Salma, Talhami Mohammed, Hassanein Amani, Mahdi Elsadig, Al-Ejji Maryam, Hassan Mohammad K, Altaee Ali, Das Probir, Hawari Alaa H
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Nanoscale. 2024 Jul 18;16(28):13331-13372. doi: 10.1039/d4nr01376j.
Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are crucial in various areas due to their unique magnetic properties. However, their practical use is often limited by instability and aggregation in aqueous solutions. This review explores the advanced technique of dendrimer functionalization to enhance MNP stability and expand their application potential. Dendrimers, with their symmetric and highly branched structure, effectively stabilize MNPs and provide tailored functional sites for specific applications. We summarize key synthetic modifications, focusing on the impacts of dendrimer size, surface chemistry, and the balance of chemical (, coordination, anchoring) and physical (, electrostatic, hydrophobic) interactions on nanocomposite properties. Current challenges such as dendrimer toxicity, control over dendrimer distribution on MNPs, and the need for biocompatibility are discussed, alongside potential solutions involving advanced characterization techniques. This review highlights significant opportunities in environmental, biomedical, and water treatment applications, stressing the necessity for ongoing research to fully leverage dendrimer-functionalized MNPs. Insights offered here aim to guide further development and application of these promising nanocomposites.
氧化铁磁性纳米颗粒（MNPs）因其独特的磁性在各个领域都至关重要。然而，它们在水溶液中的不稳定性和聚集性常常限制了其实际应用。本综述探讨了树枝状聚合物功能化这一先进技术，以增强MNPs的稳定性并扩大其应用潜力。树枝状聚合物具有对称且高度分支的结构，能有效稳定MNPs，并为特定应用提供定制的功能位点。我们总结了关键的合成修饰方法，重点关注树枝状聚合物尺寸、表面化学以及化学（如配位、锚固）和物理（如静电、疏水）相互作用的平衡对纳米复合材料性能的影响。文中还讨论了当前面临的挑战，如树枝状聚合物的毒性、对树枝状聚合物在MNPs上分布的控制以及生物相容性的需求，同时也介绍了涉及先进表征技术的潜在解决方案。本综述强调了在环境、生物医学和水处理应用中的重大机遇，强调了持续研究以充分利用树枝状聚合物功能化MNPs的必要性。这里提供的见解旨在指导这些有前景的纳米复合材料的进一步开发和应用。
