Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 5;14(1):15529. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-66527-7.
The aim of this study is to examine the frequency of maxillary sinus pathologies and their relationship with each other using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to make a new grade according to the number of affected walls. 1000 maxillary sinuses of 500 patients with CBCT images were included in the study. Anatomical variations and pathological formations of the maxillary sinuses were examined. Images were evaluated for the presence of flat, polypoidal, partial and generalized mucosal thickening, partial and total opacification, polyps and mucous retention cysts. Maxillary sinus pathologies were graded according to the number of walls affected. In the examined CBCT images, no pathology was found in 54.2% of the maxillary sinuses, while pathology was observed in 45.8%. The most common sinus pathologies were mucous retention cyst (12.3%) and polypoidal thickening (12.2%). While pneumatization, ostium obstruction, and the presence of sinus-related roots were associated with sinus pathology, no relationship was found with nasal septum deviation and the presence of septa. Before dental implant and sinus surgery applications, the presence of sinus pathologies and their relationship with anatomical variations can be evaluated with CBCT, a three-dimensional technique, and complications such as sinus membrane perforation, infection, failure to break the bone window due to the presence of antral septa, graft loss and oroantral fistula formation can be reduced.
本研究旨在通过锥形束 CT（CBCT）检查上颌窦病变的频率及其相互关系，并根据受累壁的数量进行新的分级。本研究纳入了 500 名患者的 1000 个上颌窦的 CBCT 图像。检查了上颌窦的解剖变异和病理形成。评估了图像中是否存在扁平、息肉样、部分和弥漫性黏膜增厚、部分和完全不透明、息肉和黏液潴留囊肿。根据受累壁的数量对上颌窦病变进行分级。在检查的 CBCT 图像中，54.2%的上颌窦无病变，而 45.8%的上颌窦有病变。最常见的窦病变是黏液潴留囊肿（12.3%）和息肉样增厚（12.2%）。虽然气腔化、窦口阻塞以及存在与窦相关的牙根与窦病变有关，但鼻中隔偏曲和存在鼻中隔与窦病变无关。在进行牙种植和窦手术之前，可以使用三维技术 CBCT 评估窦病变及其与解剖变异的关系，减少窦膜穿孔、感染、由于存在窦间隔而未能打破骨窗、移植物丢失和口鼻瘘形成等并发症的发生。
