Sánchez-Ortiz Néstor A, Batis Carolina, Castellanos-Gutiérrez Analí, Colchero M Arantxa
Center for Evaluation and Surveys Research, National Institute of Public Health, Universidad No. 655 Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
Health and Nutrition Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Universidad No. 655 Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2025 Jan;125(1):99-108.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2024.07.002. Epub 2024 Jul 4.
Poor-quality diets are a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases. Few studies in Mexico have tested whether higher expenditures are needed to purchase high-quality food.
The objective of the study was to assess how dietary quality of food purchases was associated with household food at home expenditures.
This study was a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the National Household Income and Expenditure Survey (EncuestaNacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares [ENIGH] 2018).
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: The study included 74 469 households with information on food and beverage purchases in Mexico in 2018.
Quarterly household food at home expenditures by adult equivalent (AE) for all food groups that were scored with the Global Dietary Quality Score (GDQS) for food purchases expressed in dollars/quarterly/AE.
Adjusted generalized linear models were used to evaluate the association between GDQS for food purchases (expressed in tertiles: low, mid, and high) and quarterly food expenditures. The analyses were performed at the national level by place of residence and income quintile.
At the national level, the difference in food expenditures between the high- and the low-GDQS groups was +$13.85/AE. By place of residence, the difference between the high- and the low-GDQS groups was +$17.31/AE in urban and +$5.12/AE in rural areas. For income quintile 1 (lowest), there was a statistical difference of -$4.79/AE and +$43.25 for quintile 5 (highest).
Quality of food purchases can be associated with higher or lower expenditures depending on the specific food purchased. High GDQS is associated with lower expenditures among the lowest-income households as they purchase less expensive options compared with high-income households.
低质量饮食是非传染性疾病的主要风险因素。墨西哥很少有研究检验购买高质量食品是否需要更高支出。
本研究的目的是评估购买食品的膳食质量与家庭在家食品支出之间的关联。
本研究是对2018年全国家庭收入和支出调查（Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares [ENIGH]）的横断面数据进行的二次分析。
参与者/地点：该研究纳入了2018年墨西哥74469户有食品和饮料购买信息的家庭。
按成人当量（AE）计算的所有食物组的季度家庭在家食品支出，这些食物组用购买食品的全球膳食质量评分（GDQS）进行评分，以美元/季度/AE表示。
采用调整后的广义线性模型评估购买食品的GDQS（分为三分位数：低、中、高）与季度食品支出之间的关联。分析在国家层面按居住地和收入五分位数进行。
在国家层面，高GDQS组和低GDQS组之间的食品支出差异为+13.85美元/AE。按居住地划分，高GDQS组和低GDQS组之间的差异在城市为+17.31美元/AE，在农村为+5.12美元/AE。对于收入五分位数1（最低），差异为-4.79美元/AE，对于五分位数5（最高）为+43.25美元。
购买食品的质量可能与支出高低有关，这取决于所购买的具体食品。高GDQS与最低收入家庭的较低支出相关，因为与高收入家庭相比，他们购买的是较便宜的食品。
