适应高海拔环境的鸡精液微生物群的变化及其功能意义。
Variations in seminal microbiota and their functional implications in chickens adapted to high-altitude environments.
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding and Frontier Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding and Frontier Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Hainan, 572025, China.
出版信息
Poult Sci. 2024 Aug;103(8):103932. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103932. Epub 2024 Jun 3.
Seminal fluid, once believed to be sterile, is now recognized as constituting a complex and dynamic environment inhabited by a diverse community of micro-organisms. However, research on the seminal microbiota in chickens is limited, and microbiota variations among different chicken breeds remain largely unexplored. In this study, we collected semen samples from Beijing You Chicken (BYC) and Tibetan Chicken (TC) and explored the characteristics of the microbiota using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Additionally, we collected cloacal samples from the TC to control for environmental contamination. The results revealed that the microbial communities in the semen were significantly different from those in the cloaca. Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota were the predominant phyla in BYC and TC semen, respectively, with Lactobacillus and Phyllobacterium being the dominant genera in each group. Additionally, the seminal microbiota of BYC exhibited greater richness and evenness than that of TC. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) indicated significant intergroup differences between the seminal microbiotas of BYC and TC. Subsequently, by combining linear discriminant analysis effect size and random forest analyses, we identified Lactobacillus as the predominant microorganism in BYC semen, whereas Phyllobacterium dominated in TC semen. Furthermore, co-occurrence network analysis revealed a more intricate network in the BYC group than in the TC group. Additionally, unique microbial functional characteristics were observed in each breed, with TC exhibiting metabolic features potentially associated with their ability to adapt to high-altitude environments. The results of this study emphasized the unique microbiota present in chicken semen, which may be influenced by genetics and evolutionary history. Significant variations were observed between low-altitude and high-altitude breeds, highlighting the breed-specific implications of the seminal microbiota for reproduction and high-altitude adaptation.
精液曾被认为是无菌的，但现在被认为是一个复杂而动态的环境，栖息着多种微生物群落。然而，关于鸡的精液微生物组的研究有限，不同鸡种之间的微生物群变化在很大程度上仍未得到探索。在这项研究中，我们收集了北京油鸡（BYC）和藏鸡（TC）的精液样本，并用 16S rRNA 基因测序来探索微生物群的特征。此外，我们还从 TC 收集了泄殖腔样本，以控制环境污染。结果表明，精液中的微生物群落与泄殖腔中的微生物群落有显著差异。Firmicutes 和 Actinobacteriota 分别是 BYC 和 TC 精液中的主要菌群，Lactobacillus 和 Phyllobacterium 是每个组中的优势属。此外，BYC 的精液微生物组的丰富度和均匀度均大于 TC。主坐标分析（PCoA）表明 BYC 和 TC 的精液微生物组之间存在显著的组间差异。随后，通过结合线性判别分析效应大小和随机森林分析，我们发现 Lactobacillus 是 BYC 精液中的主要微生物，而 Phyllobacterium 则在 TC 精液中占主导地位。此外，共现网络分析显示 BYC 组的网络比 TC 组更为复杂。此外，每个品种都观察到独特的微生物功能特征，TC 表现出的代谢特征可能与其适应高海拔环境的能力有关。本研究的结果强调了鸡精液中存在独特的微生物群，这些微生物群可能受到遗传和进化历史的影响。在低海拔和高海拔品种之间观察到了显著的差异，突出了精液微生物群对繁殖和高海拔适应的品种特异性影响。
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