波兰 2024 年基于人群的横断面研究：对泌尿生殖系统癌症风险因素的认识。
Awareness of Genitourinary Cancers Risk Factors-A 2024 Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Poland.
机构信息
Department of Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Urology, Mazovia Hospital Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
出版信息
Int J Public Health. 2024 Jun 21;69:1607264. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607264. eCollection 2024.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to assess the awareness of genitourinary cancers risk factors among adults in Poland and to identify factors associated with public awareness of risk factors for genitourinary cancers.
METHODS
This cross-sectional survey was carried out between 1 and 4 March 2024 in a nationwide sample of 2,165 adults in Poland. Quota sampling was used. Data were collected using computer-assisted web interview (CAWI) method.
RESULTS
Regardless of the type of cancer (kidney, bladder, or prostate cancer), a family history of cancer was the most recognized risk factor indicated by over half of respondents. Over one-third were aware that chemical exposure increases the risk for bladder cancer (39.4%) or prostate cancer (34.2%). Smoking was recognized as a risk factor for kidney cancer by 40.6% of respondents. Female gender, having higher education, being occupationally active and the presence of chronic diseases were the most important factors ( < 0.05) associated with a higher level of awareness of genitourinary cancers risk factors.
CONCLUSION
This study revealed gaps in public awareness of genitourinary cancers risk factors among adults in Poland, especially lifestyle-related and workplace-related risk factors.
目的
本研究旨在评估波兰成年人对泌尿生殖系统癌症危险因素的认识，并确定与公众对泌尿生殖系统癌症危险因素认识相关的因素。
方法
本横断面调查于 2024 年 3 月 1 日至 4 日在波兰全国范围内的 2165 名成年人中进行。采用配额抽样。使用计算机辅助网络访谈（CAWI）方法收集数据。
结果
无论癌症类型（肾癌、膀胱癌或前列腺癌）如何，超过一半的受访者最认可癌症家族史是风险因素。超过三分之一的人意识到化学暴露会增加膀胱癌（39.4%）或前列腺癌（34.2%）的风险。40.6%的受访者认为吸烟是肾癌的危险因素。女性、受过高等教育、职业活跃和患有慢性疾病是与更高水平的泌尿生殖系统癌症危险因素认识相关的最重要因素（<0.05）。
结论
本研究揭示了波兰成年人对泌尿生殖系统癌症危险因素认识存在差距，尤其是与生活方式和工作场所相关的风险因素。
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