Shinkai T, Saijo N, Sawamura N, Funaki U, Takahashi S, Yokoyama S, Fujita J, Futami H, Sasaki Y, Shimizu E
Gan No Rinsho. 1985 Jun;31(7):779-91.
A growing interest has been shown in antiemetics with important advances in understanding the physiology of vomiting and the development of new anticancer agents having high emetic potential such as cisplatin. At present, high-dose metoclopramide, dexamethasone and butyrophenones have shown effective antiemetic action. In addition, antiemetic drug combinations that affect more than one neurotransmitter receptor have achieved improved emesis control. While improvements have been made in acute chemotherapy-induced emesis, anticipatory and delayed emesis is still a difficult problem. Further studies under well-designed trials are necessary to establish which of the available agents, doses, routes of administration, and schedules are best for reducing emesis depending on the chemotherapeutic drugs used.
随着对呕吐生理学的理解取得重要进展以及具有高致吐潜力的新型抗癌药物（如顺铂）的开发，人们对止吐药的兴趣日益浓厚。目前，高剂量甲氧氯普胺、地塞米松和丁酰苯类已显示出有效的止吐作用。此外，影响多种神经递质受体的止吐药物组合已实现更好的呕吐控制。虽然在急性化疗引起的呕吐方面已取得进展，但预期性呕吐和延迟性呕吐仍然是一个难题。有必要在精心设计的试验下进行进一步研究，以确定根据所使用的化疗药物，哪些可用药物、剂量、给药途径和方案最适合减少呕吐。
