Alsanosy Rashad, Mahfouz Mohamed Salih, Arishi Abdulelah Mohammed, Abdelwahab Siddig Ibrahim, Taha Manal, Albasheer Osama, Daghriri Hasan Mohammed, Majrashi Khalid Ahmed, Farasani Abdullah, Altraifi Ahmed A A, Medani Isameldin E, Hakami Nasser
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Tob Induc Dis. 2024 Jul 8;22. doi: 10.18332/tid/189950. eCollection 2024.
Previous studies have identified several risk factors for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study was intended to examine the potential risk of ACS associated with khat and tobacco use.
A case-control study of 344 people (172 cases and 172 controls) was conducted at Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital in Jazan, Saudi Arabia, from April to September 2019. The cases and controls were matched for age (±5 years) and gender. Data were analyzed using descriptive, inferential, and modeling analyses. We utilized the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) to express the results.
The prevalence of ever khat chewing among all study participants was 29.1%, significantly higher for the cases with ACS than for the control group (43.6% vs 14.5%, p<0.001). Cigarette smokers accounted for 33.4% of the study participants, and 22.1% were ACS cases, which is a significantly higher percentage than the control group. The prevalence of smokeless tobacco was 20.3% among ACS cases and 14.5% among controls, with no statistically significant differences (p>0.05). In the final model, tobacco use was more likely to be reported among cases with myocardial infarction (MI) (AOR=4.58; 95% CI: 1.01-4.73, p<0.05) as was khat chewing (AOR=3.4; 95% CI: 1.55-7.46, p<0.05), after controlling for other traditional risk factors.
Khat chewing was reported more by those who reported ACS. ACS cases were more likely to be frequent khat users with chewing sessions of five or more days per week. Regular tobacco use was also reported in those who reported ACS, and this increases with the amount of tobacco used. Implementing early intervention strategies can help mitigate the impact of khat chewing and smoking on the development of ACS.
先前的研究已经确定了急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）的几个风险因素。本研究旨在探讨与恰特草和烟草使用相关的ACS潜在风险。
2019年4月至9月，在沙特阿拉伯吉赞的穆罕默德·本·纳赛尔王子医院对344人（172例病例和172名对照）进行了一项病例对照研究。病例和对照在年龄（±5岁）和性别上进行匹配。使用描述性、推断性和建模分析对数据进行分析。我们使用调整后的优势比（AOR）来表达结果。
在所有研究参与者中，曾经咀嚼恰特草的患病率为29.1%，ACS病例组显著高于对照组（43.6%对14.5%，p<0.001）。吸烟者占研究参与者的33.4%，其中22.1%为ACS病例，这一比例显著高于对照组。无烟烟草在ACS病例中的患病率为20.3%，在对照组中为14.5%，无统计学显著差异（p>0.05）。在最终模型中，在控制了其他传统风险因素后，心肌梗死（MI）病例更有可能报告使用烟草（AOR=4.58；95%CI：1.01-4.73，p<0.05），咀嚼恰特草也是如此（AOR=3.4；95%CI：1.55-7.46，p<0.05）。
报告患有ACS的人更多地报告咀嚼恰特草。ACS病例更有可能是频繁使用恰特草者，每周咀嚼次数达五天或更多天。报告患有ACS的人也报告经常使用烟草，且随着烟草使用量的增加而增加。实施早期干预策略有助于减轻咀嚼恰特草和吸烟对ACS发展的影响。
