Ugwu Obinna Joseph, Ogbaji Ferdinand Ibu, Tony-Okeke Tobechukwu Ojiugo, Ismaila Bashir Omeiza, Nnorom Onome Chidinma, Zoakah Joy Hyelni, Aule Sarah Kwaghdoo, Mshelia Suleiman
Antrim Area Hospital, Northern Ireland.
Department of Community Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital.
Niger Med J. 2024 Feb 22;64(6):712-733. doi: 10.60787/nmj-64-6-378. eCollection 2023 Nov-Dec.
Globally, the incidence and mortality from gallbladder diseases is on the rise. The gold standard for the management of symptomatic gallbladder disease is laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The practice of laparoscopic cholecystectomy is at a nascent stage in Low and middle-income countries like Nigeria despite its obvious advantages over traditional open cholecystectomy. This systematic review aims to assess the extent to which laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed for the management of gallbladder diseases in Nigeria.
The review was guided by the PRISMA model. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, and Global health databases. All searches were conducted in August 2023. All study designs reporting laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Nigeria, in the past 10 years were included. Three authors conducted the data extraction using data extraction tables and two authors independently assessed the data for accuracy and completeness. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool was used to assess the data quality. Twenty-two articles with 1569 patients were included in this review.
Females accounted for 69.5% of the patients and 30.5% were males. Twelve (54.5%) of the studies were from the Southwest of the country, 3 (13.6%) each from the South East and North Central regions, 2 (9.1%) South-South, and 1 (4.5%) each from the North East and North West. Study designs were mostly cross-sectional with sample sizes from 1 to 400. The highest and lowest number of laparoscopic cholecystectomies reported were 300 and 1 respectively. The majority (95.2%) of laparoscopic cholecystectomies were on account of calculous cholecystitis and the methods reported were the 4-port and 3-port techniques. The follow-up period ranged from 3 weeks to 2 years with 54 (3.4%) complications reported.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Nigeria is relatively safe with minimal complications. Its demand and uptake are on the rise, though slowly owing to its relatively high cost.
在全球范围内，胆囊疾病的发病率和死亡率都在上升。有症状胆囊疾病管理的金标准是腹腔镜胆囊切除术。尽管腹腔镜胆囊切除术相较于传统开腹胆囊切除术具有明显优势，但在尼日利亚等低收入和中等收入国家，其应用尚处于起步阶段。本系统评价旨在评估尼日利亚进行腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊疾病的程度。
本评价以PRISMA模型为指导。我们检索了MEDLINE、Embase、CINAHL、Scopus和全球卫生数据库。所有检索均在2023年8月进行。纳入过去10年在尼日利亚报道腹腔镜胆囊切除术的所有研究设计。三位作者使用数据提取表进行数据提取，两位作者独立评估数据的准确性和完整性。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的批判性评价工具评估数据质量。本评价纳入了22篇文章，共1569例患者。
女性占患者的69.5%，男性占30.5%。其中12项（54.5%）研究来自该国西南部，东南部和中北部地区各有3项（13.6%），南南地区有2项（9.1%），东北部和西北部各有1项（4.5%）。研究设计大多为横断面研究，样本量从1到400不等。报道的腹腔镜胆囊切除术最高和最低例数分别为300例和1例。大多数（95.2%）腹腔镜胆囊切除术是由于结石性胆囊炎，报道的方法有四孔法和三孔法。随访期从3周到2年不等，共报道了54例（3.4%）并发症。
尼日利亚的腹腔镜胆囊切除术相对安全，并发症较少。其需求和接受度正在上升，不过由于成本相对较高，上升速度较为缓慢。
