Carmichael Anna, Hale Joseph T, Notta Shahnawaz, Haddadin Tariq, Jbara Manar H
Cardiology, East Tennessee State University Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, USA.
Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, USA.
Cureus. 2024 Jun 9;16(6):e62008. doi: 10.7759/cureus.62008. eCollection 2024 Jun.
The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, causing the COVID-19 pandemic, has profoundly impacted global health, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. This paper presents a case study highlighting the heightened risk of severe cardiovascular complications following COVID-19 infection. A 61-year-old male with hyperlipidemia was discharged after COVID-19 pneumonia treatment and experienced a severe ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) within a day of discharge. A retrospective chart review, supplemented by a literature review, revealed a pattern of increased severity in STEMI cases associated with COVID-19, particularly in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular comorbidities. SARS-CoV-2 induces a prothrombotic state, which causes endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation, potentially precipitating thrombotic events. Managing concurrent COVID-19 and STEMI poses unique challenges, emphasizing the critical role of timely intervention, such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), in improving patient outcomes. Despite advancements, uncertainty persists regarding optimal thromboembolism prophylaxis post COVID-19, necessitating ongoing research and meticulous clinical management. While COVID-19 infection rates have declined since the pandemic, this case report hopes to emphasize the need for continued awareness in recognizing the potential thrombotic risks of COVID-19 infection and underscore the need for further investigation into cardiovascular risk as new viral strains develop in the future.
导致新冠疫情的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒的出现，对全球健康产生了深远影响，在全球范围内导致了大量发病和死亡。本文介绍了一个病例研究，突出了新冠病毒感染后严重心血管并发症风险的增加。一名患有高脂血症的61岁男性在接受新冠病毒肺炎治疗后出院，并在出院后一天内发生了严重的ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）。一项回顾性病历审查，并辅以文献综述，揭示了与新冠病毒相关的STEMI病例严重程度增加的模式，特别是在已有心血管合并症的患者中。SARS-CoV-2会引发血栓前状态，导致内皮功能障碍和全身炎症，可能引发血栓事件。同时管理新冠病毒感染和STEMI带来了独特的挑战，强调了及时干预（如经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI））在改善患者预后方面的关键作用。尽管取得了进展，但新冠病毒感染后最佳血栓栓塞预防措施仍存在不确定性，需要持续研究和细致的临床管理。虽然自疫情以来新冠病毒感染率有所下降，但本病例报告希望强调持续关注识别新冠病毒感染潜在血栓风险的必要性，并强调随着未来新病毒株的出现，进一步调查心血管风险的必要性。
