Lathan Emma C, McAfee Elizabeth E, Spivey Briana N, Garcia Violet, Kaslow Nadine, Powers Abigail
Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine.
Psychol Trauma. 2025 Mar;17(3):603-611. doi: 10.1037/tra0001707. Epub 2024 Jul 11.
Public health systems need evidence-based, feasible, and acceptable preventive interventions for trauma-exposed Black Americans. Self-compassion often serves as a protective factor following trauma exposure, but whether it alleviates risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and the extent to which it buffers against the deleterious effects of particular trauma types in a high-risk, community sample remains unknown. The present study examined whether the association between various trauma types (noninterpersonal vs. physical vs. sexual) and PTSD symptom severity was moderated by self-compassion in a sample of trauma-exposed Black Americans seeking primary care.
Participants ( = 77; 87.5% female; = 45.3 years; = 12.8) were recruited from a large, publicly funded health care system. Participants completed self-report measures assessing trauma history and self-compassion and a structured clinical interview administered by a trained clinician.
Cumulative sexual violence, (77) = .32, < .01, was positively associated with PTSD symptom severity, whereas cumulative noninterpersonal trauma was not; the relation between cumulative physical violence and PTSD symptom severity was trending toward significance, = .22, = .06. The interactions between noninterpersonal trauma/sexual violence, self-compassion, and PTSD symptom severity were trending toward significance, and a significant interaction between physical violence and self-compassion was observed, = 1.94, = .67, < .01, at high, = 3.21, < .01, levels of self-compassion.
Implementing brief, mindfulness-based psychotherapies that enhance self-compassion in the primary care setting may help mitigate PTSD risk among Black Americans with lower levels of physical violence and noninterpersonal trauma exposure and those with higher levels of sexual violence exposure. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
公共卫生系统需要基于证据、可行且可接受的针对遭受创伤的美国黑人的预防性干预措施。自我同情通常在创伤暴露后起到保护作用，但在高风险社区样本中，它是否能减轻创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状的风险以及在何种程度上缓冲特定创伤类型的有害影响仍不清楚。本研究在寻求初级保健的遭受创伤的美国黑人样本中，检验了自我同情是否调节了各种创伤类型（非人际创伤、身体创伤与性创伤）与PTSD症状严重程度之间的关联。
参与者（n = 77；87.5%为女性；年龄 = 45.3岁；标准差 = 12.8）从一个大型的公共资助医疗系统中招募。参与者完成了评估创伤史和自我同情的自我报告量表，以及由训练有素的临床医生进行的结构化临床访谈。
累积性暴力，F(1, 77) = 0.32，p < 0.01，与PTSD症状严重程度呈正相关，而累积非人际创伤则不然；累积身体暴力与PTSD症状严重程度之间的关系呈边缘显著性，r = 0.22，p = 0.06。非人际创伤/性暴力、自我同情与PTSD症状严重程度之间的交互作用呈边缘显著性，并且观察到身体暴力与自我同情之间存在显著交互作用，F(1, 77) = 1.94，p = 0.67，p < 0.01，在自我同情水平较高时，β = 3.21，p < 0.01。
在初级保健环境中实施简短的、基于正念的心理治疗以增强自我同情，可能有助于降低身体暴力和非人际创伤暴露水平较低以及性暴力暴露水平较高的美国黑人患PTSD的风险。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2025美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
