Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Scand J Gastroenterol. 2024 Sep;59(9):1039-1048. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2378045. Epub 2024 Jul 12.
The incidence of celiac disease (CD) has increased rapidly in the late 20 and early 21 centuries, but there are recent reports of rates levelling off in countries with a high prevalence. The aim of this study was to investigate current trends in CD in southern Sweden.
Children and adults diagnosed with CD by biopsy or serology in the region of Skåne, southern Sweden, from 2010-2022 were included. The home address was identified through registers to analyze temporal and geographical trends.
A total of 3218 CD-patients were identified (52.2% children), the vast majority detected in clinical care but a few children by screening studies. The age-standardized incidence rate was 18.6 cases/10. The incidence decreased at a rate of -0.75 cases/10 (95% CI -1.14 to -0.35, p 0.002). The incidence among girls under 18 years almost halved throughout the study period, decreasing by -2.94 cases/10 (95% CI -4.59 to -1.29, p 0.002), while there only were small changes among men. The most common age of onset was 3-9 years. CD incidence varied by place of living and was more common in small towns than urban or rural areas.
The incidence of CD in southern Sweden is decreasing, primarily in children and women who traditionally have had the highest risk of CD. CD was diagnosed most frequently in children 3-9 years old. There were regional variations in incidence. CD was most common in small towns, pointing to the importance of environmental factors in CD etiology.
乳糜泻（CD）的发病率在 20 世纪后期和 21 世纪初期迅速上升，但在高发国家，最近有报道称发病率趋于平稳。本研究旨在调查瑞典南部 CD 的当前趋势。
本研究纳入了 2010-2022 年在瑞典南部斯科讷地区通过活检或血清学诊断为 CD 的儿童和成人患者。通过登记册确定家庭住址，以分析时间和地理趋势。
共确定了 3218 例 CD 患者（52.2%为儿童），绝大多数是在临床护理中发现的，但也有少数儿童是通过筛查研究发现的。年龄标准化发病率为 18.6 例/10 万。发病率以每年-0.75 例/10 的速度下降（95%CI-1.14 至-0.35，p 0.002）。研究期间，18 岁以下女孩的发病率几乎减半，每年下降 2.94 例/10（95%CI-4.59 至-1.29，p 0.002），而男性的变化很小。发病的最常见年龄为 3-9 岁。CD 的发病率因居住地而异，在小镇比城市或农村地区更为常见。
瑞典南部的 CD 发病率正在下降，主要是在儿童和女性中，她们传统上具有最高的 CD 风险。CD 最常被诊断为 3-9 岁的儿童。发病率存在地域差异。CD 在小镇最为常见，这表明环境因素在 CD 发病机制中很重要。
