Renner Martin J
University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ), Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria and Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Boltzmanngasse 3, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Phys Rev Lett. 2024 Jun 21;132(25):250202. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.250202.
It is a crucial feature of quantum mechanics that not all measurements are compatible with each other. However, if measurements suffer from noise they may lose their incompatibility. Here, we consider the effect of white noise and determine the critical visibility such that all qubit measurements, i.e., all positive operator-valued measures (POVMs), become compatible, i.e., jointly measurable. In addition, we apply our methods to quantum steering and Bell nonlocality. We obtain a tight local hidden state model for two-qubit Werner states of visibility 1/2. This determines the exact steering bound for two-qubit Werner states and also provides a local hidden variable model that improves on previously known models. Interestingly, this proves that POVMs are not more powerful than projective measurements to demonstrate quantum steering for these states.
量子力学的一个关键特征是并非所有测量都相互兼容。然而,如果测量存在噪声,它们可能会失去不相容性。在这里,我们考虑白噪声的影响,并确定临界可见度,使得所有量子比特测量,即所有正算子值测量(POVM),变得兼容,即联合可测量。此外,我们将我们的方法应用于量子导引和贝尔非定域性。我们为可见度为1/2的两量子比特维纳态获得了一个紧密的局域隐态模型。这确定了两量子比特维纳态的确切导引界限,并且还提供了一个比先前已知模型有所改进的局域隐变量模型。有趣的是,这证明了对于这些态,POVM在证明量子导引方面并不比投影测量更强大。