Centre for Resuscitation Science, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, The Innovation Platform, Göteborg, Sweden.
Prehospen-Centre for Prehospital Research, University of Borås, Sweden.
Resuscitation. 2024 Sep;202:110312. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2024.110312. Epub 2024 Jul 10.
Drones are able to deliver automated external defibrillators in cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) but can be deployed for other purposes. Our aim was to evaluate the feasibility of sending live photos to dispatch centres before arrival of other units during time-critical incidents.
In this retrospective observational study, the regional dispatch centre implemented a new service using five existing AED-drone systems covering an estimated 200000 inhabitants in Sweden. Drones were deployed automatically over a 4-month study period (December 2022-April 2023) in emergency calls involving suspected OHCAs, traffic accidents and fires in buildings. Upon arrival at the scene, an overhead photo was taken and transmitted to the dispatch centre. Feasibility of providing photos in real time, and time delays intervals were examined.
Overall, drones were deployed in 59/440 (13%) of all emergency calls: 26/59 (44%) of suspected OHCAs, 20/59 (34%) of traffic accidents, and 13/59 (22%) of fires in buildings. The main reasons for non-deployment were closed airspace and unfavourable weather conditions (68%). Drones arrived safely at the exact location in 58/59 cases (98%). Their overall median response time was 3:49 min, (IQR 3:18-4:26) vs. emergency medical services (EMS), 05:51 (IQR: 04:29-08:04) p-value for time difference between drone and EMS = 0,05. Drones arrived first on scene in 47/52 cases (90%) and the largest median time difference was found in suspected OHCAs 4:10 min, (IQR: 02:57-05:28). The time difference in the 5/52 (10%) cases when EMS arrived first the time difference was 5:18 min (IQR 2:19-7:38), p = NA. Photos were transmitted correctly in all 59 alerts. No adverse events occurred.
In a newly implemented drone dispatch service, drones were dispatched to 13% of relevant EMS calls. When drones were dispatched, they arrived at scene earlier than EMS services in 90% of cases. Drones were able to relay photos to the dispatch centre in all cases. Although severely affected by closed airspace and weather conditions, this novel method may facilitate additional decision-making information during time-critical incidents.
无人机能够在院外心脏骤停（OHCA）情况下自动投放除颤器，但也可以用于其他目的。我们的目的是评估在时间关键事件中，在其他单位到达之前向调度中心发送实时照片的可行性。
在这项回顾性观察研究中，区域调度中心使用覆盖瑞典约 20 万居民的五个现有的 AED-无人机系统实施了一项新服务。在 2022 年 12 月至 2023 年 4 月的紧急呼叫中，在涉及疑似 OHCA、交通事故和建筑物火灾的情况下自动部署了无人机。到达现场后，拍摄一张头顶照片并传输到调度中心。检查了实时提供照片的可行性和时间延迟间隔。
总体而言，在 440 次所有紧急呼叫中的 59 次（13%）中部署了无人机：26 次（44%）疑似 OHCA、20 次（34%）交通事故和 13 次（22%）建筑物火灾。不部署的主要原因是空域关闭和恶劣天气条件（68%）。58/59 例（98%）无人机安全到达准确位置。它们的总中位数响应时间为 3:49 分钟（IQR 3:18-4:26），与紧急医疗服务（EMS）相比，为 05:51（IQR：04:29-08:04）p 值为无人机与 EMS 之间的时间差异= 0.05。47/52 例（90%）中无人机首先到达现场，疑似 OHCA 中最大中位数时间差异为 4:10 分钟（IQR：02:57-05:28）。在 EMS 首先到达的 5/52（10%）例中，时间差异为 5:18 分钟（IQR 2:19-7:38），p=NA。在所有 59 次警报中，照片都正确传输。未发生不良事件。
在新实施的无人机调度服务中，在 13%的相关 EMS 呼叫中调度了无人机。当部署无人机时，在 90%的情况下，它们比 EMS 服务更早到达现场。在所有情况下，无人机都能够将照片传送到调度中心。尽管受到空域关闭和天气条件的严重影响，但这种新方法可能在时间关键事件中为决策提供额外的信息。
