Gunathilaka Buddhi E, Jeong Seong-Mok, Kim Kang-Woong, Lee Seunghan, Hur Sang-Woo, You Sang-Guan, Lee Sang-Min
Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea.
Aquafeed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Pohang 37517, Republic of Korea.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Jul 3;14(13):1973. doi: 10.3390/ani14131973.
The experiment was conducted to evaluate the supplementary effects of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and sodium butyrate (SB) when a graded level of fish meal (FM) was replaced with soy protein concentrate (SPC) in diets for juvenile red seabream (). A control diet was designed to contain 60% FM (F60). Two other diets were formulated by reducing FM levels to 40% and 20% with SPC (F40 and F20). Six more diets were formulated by adding 0.02% GABA or 0.2% SB to each F60, F40 and F20 diets (F60G, F60S, F40G, F40S, F20G and F20S). Each diet was randomly assigned to a triplicate group of fish (5.52 g/fish) and provided for eight weeks. Final body weight, weight gain and specific growth rate of fish fed F60G, F60S, F40G and F40S diets were comparable and significantly higher ( < 0.05) than other groups. The growth of fish fed SB-containing diets was significantly increased ( < 0.05) compared to fish fed the respective control diets. The feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratios were significantly higher ( < 0.05) in the fish fed all diets containing 60% and 40% FM compared to F20 and F20G groups. The F40S diet resulted in the highest feed utilization values. The F20S group exhibited significantly higher ( < 0.05) feed utilization than the F20 and F20G groups. Serum lysozyme activity was significantly higher ( < 0.05) in fish fed the GABA- and SB-containing diets compared to the F20 group. The F60S group exhibited the highest lysozyme activity which was significantly higher ( < 0.05) than in the F20 and F40 groups. Therefore, the growth performance, feed utilization and innate immunity of red seabream can be enhanced by dietary supplementation with GABA or SB in low-FM diets containing SPC. The FM level in the juvenile red seabream diet can be reduced to 40% with SPC and GABA or SB while maintaining performance better than a diet containing 60% FM.
本实验旨在评估在真鲷幼鱼日粮中用大豆浓缩蛋白（SPC）替代不同水平鱼粉（FM）时，γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）和丁酸钠（SB）的补充效果。设计了一种对照日粮，其鱼粉含量为60%（F60）。另外两种日粮通过用SPC将鱼粉水平降至40%和20%来配制（F40和F20）。通过在每种F60、F40和F20日粮中添加0.02% GABA或0.2% SB又配制了六种日粮（F60G、F60S、F40G、F40S、F20G和F20S）。每种日粮随机分配给三组重复的鱼（5.52克/尾），并投喂八周。投喂F60G、F60S、F40G和F40S日粮的鱼的终末体重、增重和特定生长率相当，且显著高于（P<0.05）其他组。与投喂各自对照日粮的鱼相比，投喂含SB日粮的鱼的生长显著增加（P<0.05）。与F20和F20G组相比，投喂所有含60%和40% FM日粮的鱼的饲料效率和蛋白质效率显著更高（P<0.05）。F40S日粮的饲料利用率最高。F20S组的饲料利用率显著高于（P<0.05）F20和F20G组。与F20组相比，投喂含GABA和SB日粮的鱼的血清溶菌酶活性显著更高（P<0.05）。F60S组的溶菌酶活性最高，显著高于（P<0.05）F20和F40组。因此，在含SPC的低FM日粮中通过日粮添加GABA或SB可提高真鲷的生长性能、饲料利用率和先天免疫力。真鲷幼鱼日粮中的FM水平可降至40%，用SPC和GABA或SB替代，同时保持比含60% FM日粮更好的性能。
