Zhang Guanrong, Yang Yanjian, Huang Zini, Zheng Shishi, Feng Xinyu, Li Ju, Chen Fang, Li Yuanyou
Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute Guangdong, Guangzhou 511464, China.
College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Foods. 2025 Aug 8;14(16):2761. doi: 10.3390/foods14162761.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter, is used as a feed additive in aquaculture. However, its effects on muscle quality and lipid metabolism in fish remain understudied. Therefore, three diets supplemented with 0%, 0.01%, and 0.10% GABA were fed to juvenile (initial weight: 9.96 g) for 9 weeks, followed by analyses of growth performance, muscle quality indices, and hepatic lipid profiles. Fish fed 0.01% GABA showed the highest weight gain rate ( < 0.05). Their muscles exhibited improved muscle texture, higher levels of essential/non-essential and flavor amino acids, and a higher proportion of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), along with triglycerides and cardiolipin enriched in LC-PUFA chains ( < 0.05). Moreover, their livers demonstrated increased levels of triglycerides, phosphatidylethanolamine, and LC-PUFA, along with reduced levels of phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylserine ( < 0.05). These results suggest that 0.01% GABA supplementation improves growth performance, enhances flesh quality, and optimizes liver lipid profiles in .
γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）是一种主要的抑制性神经递质，在水产养殖中用作饲料添加剂。然而，其对鱼类肌肉品质和脂质代谢的影响仍未得到充分研究。因此，将三种分别添加0%、0.01%和0.10%GABA的饲料投喂给幼鱼（初始体重：9.96克）9周，随后分析生长性能、肌肉品质指标和肝脏脂质谱。投喂0.01%GABA的鱼体重增加率最高（P<0.05）。它们的肌肉表现出改善的肌肉质地、更高水平的必需/非必需氨基酸和风味氨基酸，以及更高比例的长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LC-PUFA），包括二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）和二十碳五烯酸（EPA），同时富含LC-PUFA链的甘油三酯和心磷脂含量增加（P<0.05）。此外，它们的肝脏中甘油三酯、磷脂酰乙醇胺和LC-PUFA水平升高，同时磷脂酰胆碱、溶血磷脂酰胆碱、溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺和磷脂酰丝氨酸水平降低（P<0.05）。这些结果表明，添加0.01%的GABA可改善生长性能，提高鱼肉品质，并优化鱼的肝脏脂质谱。
