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轴向压缩载荷下不同复合材料开口截面挤压元件的能量吸收与失效模式

Energy Absorption and Failure Modes of Different Composite Open-Section Crush Elements under Axial Crushing Loading.

作者信息

Xi Xulong, Xue Pu, Liu Xiaochuan, Bai Chunyu, Zhang Xinyue, Li Xiaocheng, Zhang Chao, Yang Xianfeng

机构信息

School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.

National Key Laboratory of Strength and Structural Integrity, Aircraft Strength Research Institute of China, Xi'an 710065, China.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2024 Jun 30;17(13):3197. doi: 10.3390/ma17133197.

DOI:10.3390/ma17133197
PMID:38998280
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11242856/
Abstract

In order to study the energy absorption characteristics of the open-section thin-walled composite structures with different cross-sections, axial compression tests were carried out at loading speeds of 0.01 m/s, 0.1 m/s, and 1 m/s. Finite element models were built to predict the crushing response and energy absorption behaviors of these open-section structures. The effects of the cross-section's shape, cross-section aspect ratio, trigger mechanism, and loading speed on the energy absorption characteristics of the composite structures were analyzed. The results show that the average crushing loads of the hat-shaped and Ω-shaped open-section structures are 14.1% and 14.6% higher than those of C-shaped open-section structures, and the specific energy absorption (SEA) values are 14.3% and 14.8% higher than that of C-shaped open-section structures, respectively. For the C-shaped open-section structures, a 45° chamfer trigger is more effective in reducing the initial peak load, while a 15° steeple trigger is more appropriate for the hat-shaped open-section structures. The average crushing loads and SEA of C-shaped, hat-shaped, and Ω-shaped open-section structures are reduced when the loading speed is increased from 0.01 m/s to 1 m/s. The increase in loading speed leads to the splashing of debris and thus reduces the loading area and material utilization of open-section structures, leading to a decrease in energy absorption efficiency.

摘要

为了研究不同横截面的开口薄壁复合结构的能量吸收特性，分别以0.01 m/s、0.1 m/s和1 m/s的加载速度进行了轴向压缩试验。建立了有限元模型来预测这些开口截面结构的挤压响应和能量吸收行为。分析了横截面形状、横截面高宽比、触发机制和加载速度对复合结构能量吸收特性的影响。结果表明，帽形和Ω形开口截面结构的平均挤压载荷分别比C形开口截面结构高14.1%和14.6%，比能（SEA）值分别比C形开口截面结构高14.3%和14.8%。对于C形开口截面结构，45°倒角触发在降低初始峰值载荷方面更有效，而15°尖顶触发更适合帽形开口截面结构。当加载速度从0.01 m/s增加到1 m/s时，C形、帽形和Ω形开口截面结构的平均挤压载荷和SEA都会降低。加载速度的增加导致碎片飞溅，从而减小了开口截面结构的加载面积和材料利用率，导致能量吸收效率降低。

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