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迈向具备能量自主的LoRaWAN传感器节点的大规模物联网

Towards Mass-Scale IoT with Energy-Autonomous LoRaWAN Sensor Nodes.

作者信息

Rosa Roberto La, Boulebnane Lokman, Pagano Antonino, Giuliano Fabrizio, Croce Daniele

机构信息

STMicroelectronics, Stradale Primosole 50, 95121 Catania, Italy.

Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2024 Jul 1;24(13):4279. doi: 10.3390/s24134279.

DOI:10.3390/s24134279
PMID:39001057
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11244049/
Abstract

By 2030, it is expected that a trillion things will be connected. In such a scenario, the power required for the trillion nodes would necessitate using trillions of batteries, resulting in maintenance challenges and significant management costs. The objective of this research is to contribute to sustainable wireless sensor nodes through the introduction of an energy-autonomous wireless sensor node (EAWSN) designed to be an energy-autonomous, self-sufficient, and maintenance-free device, to be suitable for long-term mass-scale internet of things (IoT) applications in remote and inaccessible environments. The EAWSN utilizes Low-Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) via LoRaWAN connectivity, and it is powered by a commercial photovoltaic cell, which can also harvest ambient light in an indoor environment. Storage components include a capacitor of 2 mF, which allows EAWSN to successfully transmit 30-byte data packets up to 560 m, thanks to opportunistic LoRaWAN data rate selection that enables a significant trade-off between energy consumption and network coverage. The reliability of the designed platform is demonstrated through validation in an urban environment, showing exceptional performance over remarkable distances.

摘要

到2030年，预计将有一万亿个事物实现连接。在这种情况下，一万亿个节点所需的电力将需要使用数万亿个电池，从而带来维护挑战和高昂的管理成本。本研究的目标是通过引入一种能量自主的无线传感器节点（EAWSN），为可持续的无线传感器节点做出贡献。该节点设计为能量自主、自给自足且无需维护的设备，适用于偏远和难以到达的环境中的长期大规模物联网（IoT）应用。EAWSN通过LoRaWAN连接利用低功耗广域网（LPWAN），并由商用光伏电池供电，该电池在室内环境中也能收集环境光。存储组件包括一个2 mF的电容器，由于机会主义的LoRaWAN数据速率选择能够在能耗和网络覆盖之间进行显著权衡，这使得EAWSN能够成功传输长达560米的30字节数据包。通过在城市环境中的验证展示了所设计平台的可靠性，在相当远的距离上表现出卓越的性能。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/2a63e9514a21/sensors-24-04279-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/d2d1dcc3fad3/sensors-24-04279-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/403c3390bb21/sensors-24-04279-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/41e3554e9032/sensors-24-04279-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/36d1452061cc/sensors-24-04279-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/52d0245edcfb/sensors-24-04279-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/770b29bf25e0/sensors-24-04279-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/b1d517659a08/sensors-24-04279-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/a530fce932d1/sensors-24-04279-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/b2f099649464/sensors-24-04279-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/2a63e9514a21/sensors-24-04279-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/d2d1dcc3fad3/sensors-24-04279-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/403c3390bb21/sensors-24-04279-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/41e3554e9032/sensors-24-04279-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/36d1452061cc/sensors-24-04279-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/52d0245edcfb/sensors-24-04279-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/770b29bf25e0/sensors-24-04279-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/b1d517659a08/sensors-24-04279-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/a530fce932d1/sensors-24-04279-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/b2f099649464/sensors-24-04279-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2cc6/11244049/2a63e9514a21/sensors-24-04279-g010.jpg

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