Environmental Science Research Lab, Department of Applied Sciences & Humanities, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, 202002, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Jul;31(34):47378-47393. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-34336-0. Epub 2024 Jul 13.
In this research, a novel nano-biocomposite material, namely, tungsten trioxide-Butea monosperma leaf powder (WO@BLP), is an effective and eco-friendly adsorbent used for the mitigation of congo red (CR) and crystal violet (CV) dyes from its aqueous phase. The as-prepared WO@BLP was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), DLS analysis, and TGA. Many factors such as solution pH, WO@BLP dose, temperature, contact time, and initial CR/CV dye concentrations were exploited to monitor the adsorption efficiency of WO@BLP composites. The biosorption of both CR and CV dyes followed the Langmuir isotherm, with maximum adsorption capacities (q) reaching 84.91 mg g for CR at pH 2.3 and 162.75 mg g for CV at pH 8, fitting of kinetics data to the PSO model with closed values of q (mg g) and q (mg g), i.e., 25.69 to 25.38 mg g for CR dye and 29.06 to 29.08 mg g for CV dye. The interaction mechanism behind the adsorption of CR and CV dyes onto the WO@BLP bionanocomposite includes electrostatic interaction and surface complexation. The synthesized materials were tested for antifungal activity against three different Candida cells, i.e., C. albicans ATCC 90028, C. glabrata ATCC 90030, and C. tropicalis ATCC 750, by using broth dilution method on the minimum inhibiting concentration (MIC). Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of nano-formulated WO@BLP was studied by in vitro hemolytic assay on a human host. Overall, this research presents a pioneering nano-biocomposite, WO@BLP, as a sustainable adsorbent for CR and CV dye removal, adhering to Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics. Its multifaceted approach includes elucidating interaction mechanisms, demonstrating antifungal activity, and assessing cytotoxicity, marking a significant advancement in environmental remediation.
在这项研究中，一种新型的纳米生物复合材料，即三氧化钨-苏木叶粉（WO@BLP），是一种有效且环保的吸附剂，可用于从水相中去除刚果红（CR）和结晶紫（CV）染料。所制备的 WO@BLP 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、X 射线衍射（XRD）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、DLS 分析和 TGA 进行了表征。研究了溶液 pH、WO@BLP 剂量、温度、接触时间和初始 CR/CV 染料浓度等多种因素，以监测 WO@BLP 复合材料的吸附效率。两种 CR 和 CV 染料的生物吸附均遵循 Langmuir 等温线，在 pH 2.3 时对 CR 的最大吸附容量（q）达到 84.91 mg g，在 pH 8 时对 CV 的最大吸附容量（q）达到 162.75 mg g，拟合动力学数据与 PSO 模型接近，q（mg g）和 q（mg g）的接近值为 25.69 至 25.38 mg g，用于 CR 染料，29.06 至 29.08 mg g 用于 CV 染料。CR 和 CV 染料吸附到 WO@BLP 生物纳米复合材料上的相互作用机制包括静电相互作用和表面络合。通过使用肉汤稀释法在最小抑制浓度（MIC）上对三种不同的念珠菌细胞，即白色念珠菌 ATCC 90028、近平滑念珠菌 ATCC 90030 和热带念珠菌 ATCC 750，对合成材料进行了抗真菌活性测试。此外，通过在人类宿主上进行体外溶血试验研究了纳米配方 WO@BLP 的细胞毒性。总的来说，这项研究提出了一种开创性的纳米生物复合材料 WO@BLP，作为一种可持续的吸附剂，可用于去除 CR 和 CV 染料，符合朗缪尔等温线和伪二阶动力学。它的多方面方法包括阐明相互作用机制、展示抗真菌活性和评估细胞毒性，这标志着环境修复方面的重大进展。
