Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan.
Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan.
Chemosphere. 2024 Sep;363:142818. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142818. Epub 2024 Jul 11.
The removal of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from drinking water is urgently needed. Here, we demonstrated high performance of vesicles on PFAS adsorption. Vesicles used in this study were enclosed amphiphile bilayers keeping their hydrophobic groups inside and their hydrophilic groups outside in water. The distribution coefficient K of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) for vesicles was 5.3 × 10 L/kg, which is higher than that for granulated activated carbon (GAC), and K of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) for vesicles was 10-10 L/kg. The removal efficiencies of PFOA and PFOS adsorption on DMPC vesicles were 97.1 ± 0.1% and 99.4 ± 0.2%, respectively. The adsorption behaviors of PFOA and PFOS on vesicles were investigated by changing the number of cis-double bonds in the hydrophobic chains of the vesicle constituents. Moreover, vesicles formed by membranes in the different phases were also tested. The results revealed that, when vesicles are formed of a membrane in the liquid-crystalline (liquid-like) phase, the adsorption amounts of both PFOA and PFOS increased as the cis-double bond in the hydrocarbon chains decreased, which is considered due to molecular shape similarity. When vesicles are formed of a membrane in the gel (solid-like) phase, they do not adsorb PFAS as much as in the liquid-crystalline phase, even though the hydrocarbon chains do not have any cis-double bond. Our findings demonstrate that vesicles can be utilized as PFAS adsorbents by optimizing the structure of vesicle constituents and their thermodynamical phase. Indeed, the vesicles (DMPC) were demonstrated that they can adsorb PFOA and PFOS, and be coagulated by a coagulant even in environmental water. The coagulation will enable the removal of PFOA and PFOS from the water after adsorption.
从饮用水中去除全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 是当务之急。在这里，我们展示了囊泡在 PFAS 吸附方面的高性能。本研究中使用的囊泡是封闭的两亲性双层结构，其疏水基团在内，亲水基团在外，在水中。全氟辛烷磺酸 (PFOS) 的囊泡分配系数 K 为 5.3×10 L/kg，高于颗粒状活性炭 (GAC)，全氟辛酸 (PFOA) 的囊泡分配系数 K 为 10-10 L/kg。DMPC 囊泡对 PFOA 和 PFOS 的去除效率分别为 97.1±0.1%和 99.4±0.2%。通过改变囊泡组成部分疏水链中的顺式双键数量来研究 PFOA 和 PFOS 在囊泡上的吸附行为。此外，还测试了由不同相的膜形成的囊泡。结果表明，当囊泡由液晶（液态）相的膜形成时，随着烃链中顺式双键的减少，PFOA 和 PFOS 的吸附量均增加，这被认为是由于分子形状相似。当囊泡由凝胶（固态）相的膜形成时，即使烃链没有任何顺式双键，它们对 PFAS 的吸附量也不如液晶相多。我们的研究结果表明，可以通过优化囊泡组成部分的结构及其热力学相来将囊泡用作 PFAS 吸附剂。实际上，已经证明囊泡（DMPC）可以在环境水中吸附 PFOA 和 PFOS，并通过凝结剂凝结。凝结将使吸附后的水中能够去除 PFOA 和 PFOS。
