Postgraduate College-Campus Cordoba, Km 348 Cordoba-Veracruz Federal Highway, Amatlan de los Reyes, Veracruz 94953, Mexico.
CONAHCYT-Postgraduate College-Campus Cordoba, Km 348 Cordoba-Veracruz Federal Highway, Amatlan de los Reyes, Veracruz 94953, Mexico.
J Biotechnol. 2024 Sep 20;393:74-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.07.003. Epub 2024 Jul 27.
Flooding caused by climate change puts the productivity of sugarcane cultivation at risk. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of in vitro flooding stress on sugarcane plantlets. Sugarcane plantlets were grown in test tubes containing Murashige and Skoog semi-solid medium without growth regulators as a control treatment and two stress levels using a double layer with sterile distilled water to simulate hypoxia and anoxia. After 15 d of culture, the number of new shoots, plantlet height, number of leaves, number of roots, root length, stomatal density, percentage of closed stomata and percentage of dry matter were evaluated. In addition, biochemical variables such as chlorophylls, carotenoids, phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), Rubisco, total proteins (TP), proline (Pr), glycine-betaine (GB), phenols, antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation were determined in all treatments. Results showed a higher number of new shoots, leaves and percentage of closed stomata in the flooded plantlets, while plantlet height, number of roots, stomatal density, and dry matter were higher in the control treatment. Regarding, chlorophyll, carotenoid, PEP and Rubisco contents decreased in the flooded treatments, while TP and phenol contents were higher in the partially submerged treatment. Antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation increased in the fully submerged treatment. Pr and GB contents did not show changes in any of the evaluated treatments. Stress induced by excess water in a double layer in vitro is an alternative method to determining physiological and biochemical mechanisms of tolerance to hypoxia and anoxia caused by flooding for breeding programs in sugarcane.
气候变化引起的洪水泛滥威胁到甘蔗种植的生产力。本研究的目的是评估体外水淹胁迫对甘蔗组培苗的影响。甘蔗组培苗在含有 Murashige 和 Skoog 半固体培养基的试管中生长，作为对照处理，不添加生长调节剂，同时使用双层无菌蒸馏水模拟缺氧和无氧胁迫。在培养 15 天后，评估新梢数、苗高、叶片数、根数、根长、气孔密度、闭气孔百分比和干物质百分比。此外，在所有处理中还测定了生化变量，如叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、磷酸烯醇丙酮酸（PEP）、Rubisco、总蛋白（TP）、脯氨酸（Pr）、甘氨酸甜菜碱（GB）、酚类、抗氧化能力和脂质过氧化。结果表明，水淹处理的甘蔗组培苗有更多的新梢、叶片和闭气孔百分比，而对照处理的苗高、根数、气孔密度和干物质更高。叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、PEP 和 Rubisco 的含量在水淹处理中降低，而 TP 和酚类的含量在部分淹没处理中更高。完全淹没处理中抗氧化能力和脂质过氧化增加。Pr 和 GB 的含量在任何评估处理中均未发生变化。体外双层过量水引起的胁迫是一种确定甘蔗耐缺氧和无氧胁迫生理和生化机制的替代方法，可用于甘蔗的选育计划。
