Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Sep;276(Pt 1):133732. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133732. Epub 2024 Jul 11.
γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays an important role in anti-anxiety by inhibiting neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) of mammals, which is generated in the germinating seeds. The key enzymes activity of GABA metabolism pathway and nutrients content in hemp seeds during germination were studied after treated with ultrasound and CaCl. The mechanism of exogenous stress on key enzymes in GABA metabolism pathway was investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. The results showed that ultrasonic combined with 1.5 mmol·LCaCl significantly increased the activities of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and GABA transaminase (GABA-T) in seeds, and promoted the conversion of glutamate to GABA, resulting in the decrease of glutamate content and the accumulation of GABA. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that Ca environment enhanced the activity of GAD and GABA-T enzymes by altering their secondary structure, exposing their hydrophobic residues. Ultrasound, germination and CaCl stress improved the nutritional value of hemp seeds.
γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）通过抑制哺乳动物中枢神经系统（CNS）中的神经递质发挥抗焦虑作用，这种神经递质在发芽的种子中产生。本研究采用超声和氯化钙（CaCl）处理，研究了 GABA 代谢途径的关键酶活性和大麻种子在发芽过程中的营养成分含量。通过分子动力学模拟研究了外源胁迫对 GABA 代谢途径中关键酶的作用机制。结果表明，超声联合 1.5 mmol·LCaCl 显著提高了种子中谷氨酸脱羧酶（GAD）和 GABA 转氨酶（GABA-T）的活性，促进了谷氨酸向 GABA 的转化，导致谷氨酸含量降低和 GABA 的积累。分子动力学模拟表明，Ca 环境通过改变 GAD 和 GABA-T 酶的二级结构，暴露出其疏水性残基，从而增强了酶的活性。超声、发芽和 CaCl 胁迫提高了大麻种子的营养价值。
