Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2024 Sep;34(9):2190-2202. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.05.022. Epub 2024 May 31.
The metabolism of choline (highly present in animal products) can produce trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite with atherosclerotic effects; however, dietary fiber may suppress this metabolic pathway. This study aimed to develop a dietary pattern predictive of plasma TMAO and choline concentrations using reduced rank regression (RRR) and to evaluate its construct validity.
Diet and plasma concentrations of choline (μmol/L) and TMAO (μmol/L) were assessed in 1724 post-menopausal women who participated in an ancillary study within the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (1993-1998). The TMAO dietary pattern was developed using RRR in half of the sample (Training Sample) and applied to the other half of the sample (Validation Sample) to evaluate its construct validity. Energy-adjusted food groups were the predictor variables and plasma choline and TMAO, the response variables. ANCOVA and linear regression models were used to assess associations between each biomarker and the dietary pattern score. Discretionary fat, potatoes, red meat, and eggs were positively associated with the dietary pattern, while yogurt, fruits, added sugar, and starchy vegetables were inversely associated. Mean TMAO and choline concentrations significantly increased across increasing quartiles of the dietary pattern in the Training and Validation samples. Positive associations between the biomarkers and the TMAO dietary pattern were also observed in linear regression models (Validation Sample: TMAO, adjusted beta-coefficient = 0.037 (p-value = 0.0088); Choline, adjusted beta-coefficient = 0.011 (p-value = 0.0224).
We established the TMAO dietary pattern, a dietary pattern reflecting the potential of the diet to contribute to plasma concentrations of TMAO and choline.
胆碱（大量存在于动物产品中）的代谢产物可以产生三甲胺 N-氧化物（TMAO），一种具有动脉粥样硬化作用的代谢物；然而，膳食纤维可能会抑制这种代谢途径。本研究旨在使用降秩回归（RRR）开发一种预测血浆 TMAO 和胆碱浓度的饮食模式，并评估其构建效度。
在参加妇女健康倡议观察研究（1993-1998 年）的辅助研究的 1724 名绝经后妇女中评估了饮食和血浆胆碱（μmol/L）和 TMAO（μmol/L）浓度。使用 RRR 在样本的一半（训练样本）中开发 TMAO 饮食模式，并将其应用于样本的另一半（验证样本）中，以评估其构建效度。能量调整后的食物组是预测变量，而血浆胆碱和 TMAO 是响应变量。使用方差分析和线性回归模型来评估每个生物标志物与饮食模式评分之间的关联。随意脂肪、土豆、红色肉类和鸡蛋与饮食模式呈正相关，而酸奶、水果、添加糖和淀粉类蔬菜则呈负相关。在训练和验证样本中，随着饮食模式四分位数的增加，TMAO 和胆碱的平均浓度显著增加。线性回归模型也观察到生物标志物与 TMAO 饮食模式之间的正相关关系（验证样本：TMAO，调整后的β系数为 0.037（p 值=0.0088）；胆碱，调整后的β系数为 0.011（p 值=0.0224）。
我们建立了 TMAO 饮食模式，这是一种反映饮食对血浆 TMAO 和胆碱浓度潜在贡献的饮食模式。
