School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, 525 North Wolfe Street, Room N530L, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Department of Social Work, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Jul 13;24(1):1870. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19364-2.
Despite domestic violence and related homicides perpetrated by partners and/or in-laws being a significant public health problem in India, there are no reliable and valid instruments to identify and intervene with women in domestic violence relationships. Continued domestic violence can escalate to severe, near-lethal, or lethal violence or homicide. The Danger Assessment (DA) is a risk assessment instrument designed to assess the likelihood of severe, near-lethal, or lethal violence in abusive relationships. However, the DA is not designed to determine the risk of future severe, near-lethal, or lethal violence by in-laws. In-law abuse plays a significant role in domestic violence-related homicides in India and other countries with similar cultural norms. This study addressed this gap by developing the Danger Assessment for in-laws (DA-L) to assess risk from in-laws, alongside the Danger Assessment for Women in India (DA-WI) to assess risk from partners. The study also examined the psychometric properties of the DA-L and DA-WI. Longitudinal data from 150 women in India were used to measure the reliability and validity of the two versions of the DA. The original DA items and additional risk items were examined using relative risk ratios for their relationship with severe violence at three-month follow-ups. Predictive validity was tested with the receiver operating characteristic curve. The study resulted in reliable and valid measures (11 items DA-L and 26-items DA-WI) of risk. The versions of the DA can be useful for practitioners in India and those working with Indian women in the US and other countries. The DAs can be used for identifying women in domestic violence relationships who are at risk for future severe domestic violence and guide the provision of tailored safety plans.
尽管在印度，伴侣和/或姻亲实施的家庭暴力和相关杀人行为是一个重大的公共卫生问题，但目前还没有可靠和有效的工具来识别和干预家庭暴力关系中的女性。持续的家庭暴力可能会升级为严重、近乎致命或致命的暴力或杀人行为。危险评估 (DA) 是一种风险评估工具，旨在评估在虐待关系中发生严重、近乎致命或致命暴力的可能性。然而，DA 并不是为了确定姻亲未来发生严重、近乎致命或致命暴力的风险而设计的。姻亲虐待在印度和其他具有类似文化规范的国家的家庭暴力相关杀人事件中扮演着重要角色。本研究通过开发用于评估姻亲风险的危险评估 (DA-L)，以及用于评估伴侣风险的印度女性危险评估 (DA-WI)，填补了这一空白。该研究还考察了 DA-L 和 DA-WI 的心理测量学特性。使用来自印度 150 名女性的纵向数据来衡量两种版本的 DA 的可靠性和有效性。使用相对风险比来衡量原始 DA 项目和其他风险项目与三个月随访时严重暴力的关系，以检验其相关性。使用接收者操作特征曲线检验预测效度。研究结果得到了可靠和有效的风险衡量指标（11 项 DA-L 和 26 项 DA-WI）。这些版本的 DA 可用于印度的从业者以及在美国和其他国家与印度女性合作的从业者。DA 可用于识别家庭暴力关系中未来面临严重家庭暴力风险的女性，并指导制定定制的安全计划。
