Tanasic Vanja, Vukovic Marija, Mihajlovic Srejic Milica, Kecmanovic Miljana, Keckarevic Markovic Milica, Keckarevic Dusan
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Center for Forensic and Applied Molecular Genetics, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Center for Forensic and Applied Molecular Genetics, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia,
J Anthropol Sci. 2024 Dec 26;102:105-121. doi: 10.4436/JASS.10202.
Genetic variability of Roma population was shaped by the strong influence of genetic drift and gene flow during the migrations from their ancestral homeland in Indian subcontinent towards Europe. In addition, social stigmatization in many European countries, as a consequence of different cultural heritage and social practices, induced further genetic differentiation and sub structuring within the population. Although many populations genetic studies on European Roma were carried out, the genetic structure of the Serbian Roma has not been described yet, since only the modest number of individuals from this territory was analyzed. The main aim of this study was the characterization of genetic variability of the Roma and the assessment of intrapopulation genetic differentiation based on the analysis of 21 autosomal STR loci of 259 self-identified unrelated individuals from Serbia. Intrapopulation analysis revealed divergence of Roma groups illustrating the effect of the historical events after their arrival on Balkan Peninsula and emphasizing significance of the religious affiliation on admixture with autochthonous population. Genetic distance analysis showed the greatest similarity of the studied population with the Middle Eastern populations, while South Asian and European population were more distant. Our results demonstrate that Roma groups in this region of Balkan Peninsula do not represent completely isolated, but rather admixed populations with different proportion of gene flow with other Roma and non-Roma groups.
罗姆人群体的遗传变异性受到从其在印度次大陆的祖籍向欧洲迁徙过程中遗传漂变和基因流动的强烈影响。此外，由于不同的文化遗产和社会习俗，许多欧洲国家存在社会污名化现象，这导致了该群体内部进一步的遗传分化和亚结构形成。尽管已经对欧洲罗姆人进行了许多群体遗传学研究，但塞尔维亚罗姆人的遗传结构尚未得到描述，因为来自该地区的分析个体数量较少。本研究的主要目的是通过对来自塞尔维亚的259名自我认定为无亲属关系个体的21个常染色体STR位点进行分析，来表征罗姆人的遗传变异性并评估群体内部的遗传分化。群体内部分析揭示了罗姆人群体的差异，这说明了他们抵达巴尔干半岛后历史事件的影响，并强调了宗教归属对与当地人群混合的重要性。遗传距离分析表明，所研究的群体与中东人群最为相似，而与南亚和欧洲人群的距离较远。我们的结果表明，巴尔干半岛该地区的罗姆人群体并非完全孤立，而是与其他罗姆人和非罗姆人群体有不同基因流动比例的混合群体。
