Delft University of Technology, Department of Geoscience and Engineering, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, the Netherlands; Wageningen University & Research, Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.
N.V. Afvalzorg Holding, Nauerna 1, 1566 PB Assendelft, the Netherlands; Landfill.pro, Den Haag, the Netherlands.
Waste Manag. 2024 Oct 1;187:109-118. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.07.002. Epub 2024 Jul 13.
This study quantifies the field hydraulic performance of a dual-functionality landfill cover, combining microbial methane oxidation with water diversion using a capillary barrier. The investigated 500 m test field, constructed on a landfill in the Netherlands, consisted of a cover soil optimised for methane oxidation, underlain by a sandy capillary layer and a gravelly capillary block. Outflows from these layers were measured between 2009 and 2023. Average precipitation was 848 mm/a, evapotranspiration, diverted infiltration and breakthrough amounted to 504 (59.4 %), 282 (33.3 %) and 62 (7.3 %) mm/a, respectively. On average, the capillary barrier diverted 82 % of the inflow into the capillary layer. Breakthrough occurred mainly from October to March when evapotranspiration was low and the maximum water storage capacity of the cover soil was reached. During this period, inflow into the capillary barrier exceeded its diversion capacity, caused by the relatively high hydraulic conductivity of the cover soil due to its optimisation for gas transport. The diversion capacity declined drastically in the year after construction and increased again afterwards. This was attributed to suffusion of sand from the capillary layer into the capillary block and subsequent washout to greater depths or the influence of iron precipitates at the bottom of the capillary layer. The effect of a more finely grained methane oxidation layer on the hydraulic and methane oxidation performance should be investigated further. These measures could further improve the combined performance of the dual functionality landfill cover system under the given conditions of a temperate climate.
本研究量化了一种双重功能垃圾填埋场覆盖层的现场水力性能，该覆盖层结合了微生物甲烷氧化和使用毛细屏障导水的功能。该研究调查了 500m 的试验场，建在荷兰的一个垃圾填埋场上，由一层优化用于甲烷氧化的覆盖土壤组成，下面是一层沙质毛细层和一层砾石毛细层。这些层的流出物在 2009 年至 2023 年之间进行了测量。平均降水量为 848mm/a，蒸发蒸腾、导渗和突破分别为 504（59.4%）、282（33.3%）和 62（7.3%）mm/a。平均而言，毛细屏障将 82%的入流导入毛细层。突破主要发生在 10 月至 3 月，此时蒸发蒸腾量较低，覆盖土壤的最大储水能力达到。在此期间，由于覆盖土壤优化了气体传输，其水力传导率相对较高，因此流入毛细屏障的水量超过了其导流量。施工后第一年，导流量急剧下降，随后又有所增加。这归因于毛细层中的沙子涌入毛细块并随后冲刷到更深的深度，或者毛细层底部铁沉淀的影响。应进一步研究更细颗粒的甲烷氧化层对水力和甲烷氧化性能的影响。这些措施可以进一步提高在温带气候条件下双重功能垃圾填埋场覆盖系统的综合性能。
