《细胞学中的免疫细胞化学：神话还是现实》：揭开谜团——免疫细胞化学在甲状腺病变中的应用
"Immunocytochemistry in Cytology: Myth or Reality": Unraveling the Myth - Immunocytochemistry Applications in Thyroid Lesions.
作者信息
Hirokawa Mitsuyoshi, Suzuki Ayana
机构信息
Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
出版信息
Acta Cytol. 2025;69(1):7-15. doi: 10.1159/000540366. Epub 2024 Jul 22.
BACKGROUND
Fine-needle aspiration cytology serves as an important preoperative diagnostic tool for thyroid nodules. Despite its excellent diagnostic accuracy, diagnoses based solely on morphological observation can be challenging. Therefore, various ancillary diagnostic techniques have been applied, including immunocytochemistry (ICC). This review discusses the application and evaluation of ICC in thyroid fine needle aspiration.
SUMMARY
Currently, three immunostaining preparation methods are available for cytological materials: liquid-based cytology, cell block, and cell transfer. ICC proves valuable in scenarios such as tumour diagnosis, assessment of differentiation and grading of carcinomas, estimation of primary organs in metastatic carcinomas, and detection of gene abnormalities. However, ICC, while useful, is not as accurate as immunohistochemistry and is more difficult to evaluate.
KEY MESSAGES
If the pitfalls and limitations are understood and effectively navigated, ICC could play a significant role in decreasing the non-diagnostic rate, thus leading to more accurate and valuable diagnoses and reductions in the re-aspiration rate.
BACKGROUND
Fine-needle aspiration cytology serves as an important preoperative diagnostic tool for thyroid nodules. Despite its excellent diagnostic accuracy, diagnoses based solely on morphological observation can be challenging. Therefore, various ancillary diagnostic techniques have been applied, including immunocytochemistry (ICC). This review discusses the application and evaluation of ICC in thyroid fine needle aspiration.
SUMMARY
Currently, three immunostaining preparation methods are available for cytological materials: liquid-based cytology, cell block, and cell transfer. ICC proves valuable in scenarios such as tumour diagnosis, assessment of differentiation and grading of carcinomas, estimation of primary organs in metastatic carcinomas, and detection of gene abnormalities. However, ICC, while useful, is not as accurate as immunohistochemistry and is more difficult to evaluate.
KEY MESSAGES
If the pitfalls and limitations are understood and effectively navigated, ICC could play a significant role in decreasing the non-diagnostic rate, thus leading to more accurate and valuable diagnoses and reductions in the re-aspiration rate.
背景
细针穿刺细胞学检查是甲状腺结节重要的术前诊断工具。尽管其诊断准确性很高，但仅基于形态学观察进行诊断可能具有挑战性。因此，已应用了各种辅助诊断技术，包括免疫细胞化学（ICC）。本综述讨论了ICC在甲状腺细针穿刺中的应用和评估。
总结
目前，有三种免疫染色制备方法可用于细胞学材料：液基细胞学、细胞块和细胞转移。ICC在肿瘤诊断、癌的分化和分级评估、转移性癌原发器官的估计以及基因异常检测等情况下被证明是有价值的。然而，ICC虽然有用，但不如免疫组织化学准确，且更难评估。
关键信息
如果能够理解并有效规避其陷阱和局限性，ICC在降低非诊断率方面可发挥重要作用，从而实现更准确、有价值的诊断，并降低再次穿刺率。
背景
细针穿刺细胞学检查是甲状腺结节重要的术前诊断工具。尽管其诊断准确性很高，但仅基于形态学观察进行诊断可能具有挑战性。因此，已应用了各种辅助诊断技术，包括免疫细胞化学（ICC）。本综述讨论了ICC在甲状腺细针穿刺中的应用和评估。
总结
目前，有三种免疫染色制备方法可用于细胞学材料：液基细胞学、细胞块和细胞转移。ICC在肿瘤诊断、癌的分化和分级评估、转移性癌原发器官的估计以及基因异常检测等情况下被证明是有价值的。然而，ICC虽然有用，但不如免疫组织化学准确，且更难评估。
关键信息
如果能够理解并有效规避其陷阱和局限性，ICC在降低非诊断率方面可发挥重要作用，从而实现更准确、有价值的诊断，并降低再次穿刺率。
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