Reza Sayah Mohammad, Ebrahimi Sina, Mirafzal Iman, Shamloo Amir
School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Pharm. 2024 Sep 5;662:124469. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124469. Epub 2024 Jul 14.
Recognizing the significance of drug carriers in the treatment of atherosclerotic plaque is crucial in light of the worldwide repercussions of ischemic stroke. Conservative methodologies, specifically targeted drug delivery, present encouraging substitutes that mitigate the hazards linked to invasive procedures. With the intention of illuminating their considerable significance and prospective benefits, this study examines the impact of the geometry and dimensions of drug-loaded nano-microcarriers on atherosclerotic plaque. The research utilizes a finite element approach to simulate the motion and fluid dynamics of nano-microcarriers loaded with drugs within the carotid arteries. Carriers are available in a variety of shapes and sizes to accommodate patient-specific geometries, pulsatile fluid flow, and non-Newtonian blood properties. Optimization of drug delivery is achieved through the examination of carrier interaction with the inner wall. The results demonstrated that the interaction data between particles and the inner wall of atherosclerotic plaques exhibits micro- and nanoscale patterns that are distinct. Symmetric plaques demonstrate that nanoparticles with a 0.4 shape factor and diameters below 200 nm show the highest interaction rate. Conversely, larger particles (200 and 500 nm) with shape factors of 1 demonstrate comparatively elevated interaction rates. The optimal shape factor for drug-loaded microparticles has been determined to be one, and the number of interactions increases as the diameter of the nanoparticles increases, with a significant increase observed at a shape factor of one. Asymmetric plaques exhibit the maximum interaction rates among particles that have a shape factor of 0.4 and have diameters smaller than 500 µm. The findings establish a foundation for novel therapeutic strategies, establishing nano-microparticles as auspicious contenders for accurate and efficacious drug delivery systems that inhibit plaque proliferation.
鉴于缺血性中风在全球范围内的影响，认识到药物载体在动脉粥样硬化斑块治疗中的重要性至关重要。保守方法，特别是靶向药物递送，提供了令人鼓舞的替代方案，可减轻与侵入性手术相关的风险。为了阐明它们的重大意义和潜在益处，本研究考察了载药纳米 - 微载体的几何形状和尺寸对动脉粥样硬化斑块的影响。该研究采用有限元方法来模拟载药纳米 - 微载体在颈动脉内的运动和流体动力学。载体有各种形状和尺寸，以适应患者特定的几何形状、脉动流体流动和非牛顿血液特性。通过检查载体与内壁的相互作用来实现药物递送的优化。结果表明，颗粒与动脉粥样硬化斑块内壁之间的相互作用数据呈现出不同的微观和纳米尺度模式。对称斑块表明，形状因子为0.4且直径小于200 nm的纳米颗粒显示出最高的相互作用率。相反，形状因子为1的较大颗粒（200和500 nm）显示出相对较高的相互作用率。已确定载药微粒的最佳形状因子为1，并且随着纳米颗粒直径的增加，相互作用次数增加，在形状因子为1时观察到显著增加。不对称斑块在形状因子为0.4且直径小于500 µm的颗粒中表现出最大的相互作用率。这些发现为新的治疗策略奠定了基础，确立了纳米 - 微粒作为抑制斑块增殖的精确有效药物递送系统的有利竞争者。
