Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX.
J Immunol. 2024 Sep 1;213(5):669-677. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200728.
Tissue-resident immune cells play important roles in local tissue homeostasis and infection control. There is no information on the functional role of lung-resident CD3-NK1.1+CD69+CD103+ cells in intranasal Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated and/or Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-infected mice. Therefore, we phenotypically and functionally characterized these cells in mice vaccinated intranasally with BCG. We found that intranasal BCG vaccination increased CD3-NK1.1+ cells with a tissue-resident phenotype (CD69+CD103+) in the lungs during the first 7 d after BCG vaccination. Three months post-BCG vaccination, Mtb infection induced the expansion of CD3-NK1.1+CD69+CD103+ (lung-resident) cells in the lung. Adoptive transfer of lung-resident CD3-NK1.1+CD69+CD103+ cells from the lungs of BCG-vaccinated mice to Mtb-infected naive mice resulted in a lower bacterial burden and reduced inflammation in the lungs. Our findings demonstrated that intranasal BCG vaccination induces the expansion of CD3-NK1.1+CD69+CD103+ (lung-resident) cells to provide protection against Mtb infection.
组织驻留免疫细胞在局部组织稳态和感染控制中发挥重要作用。关于肺驻留 CD3-NK1.1+CD69+CD103+细胞在鼻内卡介苗（BCG）接种和/或结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）感染小鼠中的功能作用尚不清楚。因此，我们在鼻内接种 BCG 的小鼠中对这些细胞进行了表型和功能表征。我们发现，鼻内 BCG 接种在 BCG 接种后 7 天内增加了具有组织驻留表型（CD69+CD103+）的肺中 CD3-NK1.1+细胞。BCG 接种 3 个月后，Mtb 感染诱导肺中 CD3-NK1.1+CD69+CD103+（肺驻留）细胞的扩增。从 BCG 接种小鼠的肺部中过继转移肺驻留 CD3-NK1.1+CD69+CD103+细胞到 Mtb 感染的未感染小鼠，导致肺部细菌负荷降低和炎症减少。我们的研究结果表明，鼻内 BCG 接种诱导 CD3-NK1.1+CD69+CD103+（肺驻留）细胞的扩增，为预防 Mtb 感染提供保护。
