Harris R
Psychol Med. 1985 Aug;15(3):477-505. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700031366.
This article discusses the trial of a woman accused of murder in 1890 whose defence rested on the claim that she acted unconsciously under the hypnotic influence of her older lover. This relatively banal case brought together two rival schools of French psychiatry - that of J.-M. Charcot in Paris and that of Hippolyte Bernheim in Nancy - and provided a wide-ranging examination of views on the nature of unconscious mental activity as well as the social, political and professional implications that their theories on hypnotism and hysteria contained. Discussions on women's sexuality, family relations, crowd behaviour and political radicalism all played a part in the debate and are examined through the case study that the trial of Gabrielle Bompard permits. Moreover, the trial shed incidental light on the campaign by physicians against amateur healers and hypnotists whom they blamed for unleashing a wave of mass hysteria through their theatrical representations. The episode was one important element in the struggle for the passage of the law of 30 November 1892, which outlawed amateur practitioners and established the medical monopoly over healing in France.
本文探讨了1890年一名被控谋杀的女子的审判，其辩护依据是她在年长情人的催眠影响下无意识地行事。这起相对平常的案件汇聚了法国精神病学的两个对立学派——巴黎的让 - 马丁·沙可学派和南锡的希波吕忒·伯恩海姆学派，并对无意识心理活动的本质观点以及他们关于催眠和癔症的理论所包含的社会、政治和专业影响进行了广泛审视。关于女性性行为、家庭关系、群体行为和政治激进主义的讨论都在这场辩论中发挥了作用，并通过加布里埃尔·邦帕尔审判的案例研究进行了审视。此外，该审判顺便揭示了医生们针对业余治疗师和催眠师的运动，他们指责这些人通过戏剧性表演引发了一波群体癔症。这一事件是1892年11月30日法律通过斗争中的一个重要因素，该法律取缔了业余从业者，并在法国确立了医疗对治疗的垄断。
